“Alteraciones posturales por sobrecarga de peso en el cuidador de personas con discapacidad que acuden a las fundaciones de la ciudad de pelileo”

Abstract

Caregivers of dependent persons with disabilities are exposed to several health problems, especially those related to alterations in their posture. It is for this reason that the present study was conducted with the objective of determining postural alterations due to weight overload in the caregiver of people with disabilities who attend the foundations of the city of Pelileo. The research had a qualitative and quantitative approach, a type of descriptive, cross-sectional and exploratory research. It was carried out with a population of 24 caregivers who attended the Corazon de María, San Pedro de Pelileo and San José de Huambaló foundations. The instruments used for the collection of the data were: an initial survey, the Zarit scale (Caregiver Overload Scale), an observation sheet and a postural test through software called PostureScreen Mobile. Once the results of the data were obtained, it was very noticeable that all of the caregivers were female and subsequently, it was concluded that the most significant risk factors were the caregiver's age, the poor postures they adopt and the number of times that they carried out mobilizations or transfers of the dependent people throughout the day, in addition to the fact that the postural alterations in relation to the most altered anatomical segments were in the head: advanced (88%), in the shoulders: asymmetry (92%), in the column vertebral: hypercifosis (38%), hyperlordosis (33%) and postural scoliosis (92%) and in the pelvis: anteversion (54%) and asymmetry (67%). The structures where they felt most discomfort or pain were primarily in the spine, the shoulders and the knees.