Caracterización de plantas amazónicas con actividad antiofídica por análisis químico

Abstract

The purpose of this research work was aimed to analyze and identify the metabolic compounds present in the species Urospatha sagittifolia (Rudge) Schott (formerly Dracontium), for which the plant species was collected in the Monte Alegre sector of the rural parish of Puerto Misahuallí, belonging to the canton Tena located in the province of Napo at an altitude of 460.6 m.a.s.l. The taxonomic identification of the sample was confirmed in the INABIO Herbarium in the city of Quito. The collected sample was dried, its size was minimized and it was taken to solid-liquid extraction and maceration for several days with different solvents such as: water, methanol, hexane and chloroform. After these processes, the pertinent chemical analyses were carried out, as well as phytochemical screening, which presented a coloration and a precipitate to give a positive result for each of the tests, respectively, following the appropriate methodology. Consequently, quantification was carried out in UV-vis spectrophotometry by means of the Folin-ciocalteu Reagent, giving results expressed as 0.1 mg of Gallic acid measured at 755 nm (Phenolic Compounds) and 0.25 mg of catechin at 510 nm (Flavonoids). Finally, the Uplc-QToF analysis was performed for the compounds with the highest antivenom affinity such as polyphenols and flavonoids, thus obtaining secondary metabolites with their respective spectral information in positive and negative ionization, giving metabolomic groups such as: saponins, alkaloids, anthocyanins, coumarins, phenols, flavonoids and terpenoids.