Diseño de un sistema hidráulico alternativo para la reducción del impacto de la humedad en construcciones

Abstract

Moisture in buildings is one of the most important pathological problems worldwide, since, depending on their involvement, it causes health problems (allergies or respiratory problems), as well as there is also affectation of the elements structural and non-structural. Solving these problems requires high costs and invasive methods that directly affect the initial conditions of the buildings. Due to this problem, the project focuses on moisture that is more difficult to control due to its origin and symptomatology, capillary humidity, because the presence of water inside the soil is presented in a gaseous state and silently spreads to through the different elements of the building. To control the problem, within the project, 6 prototypes of walls are developed which are divided into two parts: a wall built with normal conditions in its construction in addition to its composition and the five remaining walls, each applied different techniques and with different materials in order to visualize the results, during the phase of the experimentation are included variables such as soil moisture content, wall moisture content, climatic conditions and other parameters identified throughout the document. Finally, an evaluation step is carried out to verify the results obtained and select the appropriate materials to better reduce the impact of moisture on constructions, concluding that the application of the ventilation criterion with the use of a steam extractor yields the most appropriate results for the purpose proposed in the project.