Caracterización morfológica de maíz blanco harinoso (Zea mays L.) material nativo “Chazo” de la provincia de Chimborazo

Abstract

This research work was carried out on the property of Mr. César Obando Arequipa of the Zumbalica sector, corresponding to the San Felipe parish, located in the canton Latacunga, province of Cotopaxi, with the objective of giving the morphological characterization of a native material of corn floury white called “Chazo”, with the possibility of being used in processes of genetic improvement in future projects, which value and potentiate its use. This investigation is descriptive therefore does not have a hypothesis, experimental design and treatments. The data were taken according to the descriptors of CIMMYT (International Center for Genetic Improvement of Maize and Wheat) and IBPGR (International Board for Plant Genetic Resources) (1991). Data of the most outstanding characteristics and of economic importance were recorded, such as ear length (13.2 cm), ear diameter (6 cm), ear weight (165.57 g), grain length (12, 1 cm) and grain width (10.8 cm). Another very important fact that was taken into account is the days of male and female flowering, a general average of male flowering is 139.25 days and female flowering 152.5 days. According to Pardey et al. (2016) the difference between male and female flowering should be from 8 to 15 days for a good pollination and grain formation, in this research the difference of male and female flowering days is 13.25 that is to say that white corn floury (Zea mays L.) native material “Chazo”, has a high precocity and is apt to be used in processes of genetic improvement or plant breeding, since it meets all the corresponding morphological characteristics.