“Estudio de correlación entre el uso de métodos anticonceptivos y la presencia de lesiones cervicales detectadas en la citología cérvico vaginal exfoliativa de las pacientes que acuden al Hospital General docente Ambato”

Abstract

Cervical cancer is considered the most frequent pathology in sexually active women. There are several risk factors to suffer it; Among them is the use of combined oral contraceptive methods (ACO). Therefore, it was proposed to correlate the use of 9 contraceptive methods and the presence of 14 types of cervical lesions according to the Bethesda system, detected in the exfoliative vaginal civic cytologies of patients who come to health centers in the city. zone 3 of the Ministry of Public Health (MSP) and arrives at the Ambato General Teaching Hospital (HGDA) to be analyzed. Through a descriptive analysis of a sample of 272 patients from Zone 3 of the Ministry of Public Health, it is found that, 24.63% (n = 67) of them are the lesions; 4.0% (n = 11) with atypical squamous cells of uncertain significance (ASC-US), 17.0% (n = 46) with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), 1.1% (n = 3) with atypical squamous cells where a high-grade intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H), 1.8% (n = 5) high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), 0.4% (n = 1) with squamous cell carcinoma and atypical endocervical cells can´t be ruled out. Then, it was identified that the contraceptive method most used in patients is the injectable with 39.3% (n = 107), in addition it was determined that 17.0% (n = 46) of the patients had low-grade intraepithelial lesions (LSIL).