Presencia de Peronospora sparsa en las fases florales y del fruto en el cultivo de mora de castilla (Rubus glaucus Benth)

Abstract

The research study will be carried out at the National Agricultural Research Institute (INIAP) in the Píllaro canton, province of Tungurahua whose coordinates are 01 ° 10'33.6 "South latitude and 78 ° 33'32.6" West longitude, at an altitude of 2779 masl. The annual average temperature of the sector is of 13.2 ° C, its accumulated annual precipitation is of 717.4 mm and relative humidity of 81%. The factors under study were the phases of flower bud and fruit of blackberry cultivation and the pathogen Peronospora sparsa (Mildiu velloso) A treatment with 50 replications was carried out in each plant of blackberry in the different floral states in the INIAP, with 20 per plant. Observations were made in the field and in the laboratory. The response variables were: Incidence of downy mildew on buds, flowers, fruit and fruit harvested. Regarding the results, the percentage incidence of hairy mildew varies according to the floral stage; In the bud stage it reaches a 10% incidence, in the flowering stage it reaches a 36.25% incidence of downy mildew, in the stage of fertilized fruit low to 20% of incidence and finally in the stage of fruit Harvested reaches the maximum incidence point of hairy mildew that is 40%. The duration of the different phenological stages of flowering, thus we have that the formation of floral buds (A1 and A2) has a duration of 15 days; The flowering stage (B1, B2, C1 and C2) has a total duration of 38 days; The stage of fertilized fruit (D1) has a duration of 12 days; The fruit formation (E1) lasts for 28 days and finally the harvested fruit stage lasts for 15 days. The total duration of flowering in the cascade mora crop was 118 days. The proposal presented at the end of this research is to present a management plan for blackberry cultivation with an emphasis on the phytosanitary control of Peronospora sparsa.