Análisis de las características mecánicas de un material compuesto de matriz polimérica reforzado con partículas de caucho de neumáticos reciclados y su incidencia en las propiedades mecánicas.

Abstract

The addition of recycled tires rubber particles in thermostable polymers is a shape to promote the recycling of scrap tires, replacing traditional materials with environment friendly composite material, for this reason, the present project had as objectives to obtain the composite of recycled tires rubber particles and polyester resin with reinforcement concentrations of 30%, 35% and 40% for three different sizes of particles, manufacture test pieces standard and characterize the composite through Flexural, Compressive and Hardness tests under the standards ASTM D7264-07, ASTM D695-15, ASTM D785-03 and ASTD 2240-05 respectively and Fractography. This allowed to obtain experimentally the mechanical properties of the composite, obtaining as a result that the combination of 30% rubber particles of G1 particle size and 70% polyester resin presented the best mechanical properties with: the máximum flexural stress of 13,16 MPa, flexural modulus of elasticity of 425,46 MPa, maximum strain of 3,21%, maximum compressive stress of 7,49 MPa, yield stress of 1,94 MPa, compressive modulus of elasticity of 37,40 MPa, compressive strain of 20,29%, and 17,01 Rockwell hardness. Also, it was determined that the incorporation of rubber particles in the polyester resin had a negative impact on the máximum flexural and compressive stress, flexural and compressive modulus of elasticity, and hardness, but it bear higher flexural and compressive strain. The composite material is adequate for the manufacture of headlights edge of a Hino AK bus with a mínimum thickness of 3 mm, because it complies with a minimum safety factor of 2,931, ensuring the suitable performance of the piece in aerodynamic conditions.