Análisis del carbón activado como filtro en el tratamiento de aguas residuales provenientes de la empresa “Curtiembre Quisapincha” del cantón Ambato provincia de Tungurahua

Abstract

The tanning industry produces important quantities of wastewater with high pollutant load, as a result of the application of a wide range of toxic and non-toxic compounds. Therefore, this study aims to analyze activated carbon as a filter for the pretreatment of wastewater produced by the company "Curtiembre Quisapincha". The filter was placed in the facilities of the company "Curtiembre Quisapincha", with the intention of providing a degree of safety to the physical integrity of the same, the effluent was induced at a rate of 0.105 lt/min, the filtering material was granular activated carbon obtained from coconut shell, it was activated by steam. The filter was in operation for 90 days, and every 10 the filtered residual water was sampled. A record was made of the evolution of the parameters related to biodegradability, COD and BOD5, as well as a parameter linked to water quality, Cr + 6. There are three crude samples, one for each type of discharge. The effluents are tanning, unhairing and dyeing. The concentrations of these parameters were quantified by the Lacquanálisis S.A. and the LIAA-GADMA Environmental Research and Analysis Laboratory, both of which have the accreditation of the Test Laboratory granted by the Ecuadorian Accreditation Service. For the COD, a removal efficiency of 42.86% was recorded in the first 10 days of operation in sample 1 of tanning, with a final concentration of 1161 mg / l; A removal of 51.33% was also recorded after 90 days of operation in the dyeing sample 9, with a final concentration of 3694 mg / l; the rest of values indicate a null removal. For BOD5 the most favorable removal was recorded at 50 days in sample 5 of unhairing with a value of 84.03%, with a final concentration of 2478.72 mg / l; for the rest of the days, similar values were recorded and some were removed. The concentration of Cr + 6 was removed in the processed samples corresponding to tanning and dyeing, being the most favorable record the day 30 of sample 3 with a removal efficiency of 98.21%, for the tanning effluent with a concentration of 0.02 mg / lt.