Evaluación de la actividad antioxidante, antiinflamatoria y citotóxica in vitro de los extractos vegetales de Marco (Ambrosia arboresces) y Quishuar (Buddleja incana), obtenidos mediante secado por aspersión

Abstract

The tradicional use of Marco (Ambrosia arborescens) y Quishuar (Buddleja incana) for their medicinal properties has been the subject of research aimed at scientific advances. The watery, hydroalcoholic (50:50) and ethanolic extracts of Marco leaves were used in in vitro experimentation in order to determine antioxidant, antiinflammatory and cytotoxic biological activity. The concentration of antioxidant activity was determined using the chemiluminiscence method in which the best effective treatment was the hydroalcoholic extract (50:50) of leaves of Quishuar 180629,191 ±293,399 μg galic acid/g extract. The antiinflammatory activity was evaluated using the membrane stabilization method with human erythrocytes, in which the ethanolic extract of Marco leaves showed 88,57 percent of antiinflammatory capacity, in contrast to the antiinflammatory control using asprin, measured at 87,66 percent. The cytotoxic capacity was determined with a colorimetric MTT method 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide using MCF-7 cells. With the ethanolic extract, a cellular apoptosis was produced, obtaining an IC50 of 0.0043. This evidences that with a minimal quantity of the extract, lethal toxicity levels were reached in the cells. The results obtained confirm that the disolvent used in the extraction of secondary metabolites affects the biological activities of the plants. In addition, Marco and Quishuar, being plants native to the Sierra region, are exposed to extrinsic factors such as climate, temperature, wind and rainfall that affect the production of metabolites in plants.