Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales
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Item La limitación del grado de parentesco en las infracciones de violencia intrafamiliar(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Posgrado, Maestría en Derecho penal y Procesal penal, 2020-02) Hernández Gavilanez, Diana Evelyn; Poaquiza Poaquiza, Angel PatricioThe purpose of this investigative work is to study in a descriptive way limitation of the degree of kinship in intrafamily violence infractions, due to the dark and erroneous application of the norm, since it is free to know that people are subject and subject to the criminal type of violence intrafamiliar, judging and punishing people who are not immersed in the types of protection to them. In the development the end of the limitation of the degree of kinship is analyzed as the one of infractions of domestic violence, doctrinal concepts, jurisprudentials, causes and effects, together with the object of the criminal process, getting to establish what are the penal principles and rights of the active and passive subjects of the criminal offense who have been violated due to such legal flaws, which were analyzed based on concepts of authors and international human rights standards of which Ecuador is a part. Critical-propositive opinions are carried out in the development, with the aim of providing criteria that lead to avoiding existing asymmetries due to state legal persecution.Item Los Factores de riesgo y las infracciones de tránsito(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2019-02) Pazmiño Urquizo, Rafaela Anabel; Tite, Segundo RamiroThe research work titled: “RISK FACTORS AND TRANSIT INFRACTIONS”, performs an in-depth analysis of the few provisions contained in the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code (COIP) regarding the risk factors when driving in traffic infractions that consist of five articles, as well as the principles, rights and guarantees contemplated in the Constitution of Ecuador 2008 and other national and international legal sources. After extensive theoretical and field research it was determined that the provisions of the Comprehensive Criminal Code are not sufficient to guarantee adequate training and information for drivers, but on the contrary, many times they are usually the cause of the transit justice bodies incur serious violations to the rights of protection framed in the Constitution because at present what is causing disagreement is the inadequate application of the rights that drivers have to an appropriate training and information about the factors of risk when driving and with this to eliminate the recidivism of the same ones. In this regard Article 1 of the Constitution states: "The equator is a constitutional state of rights and justice, social, democratic, sovereign, independent, unitary, intercultural, plurinational and secular. It is organized in the form of a republic and governs in a decentralized manner ... “in accordance with the provisions of the Comprehensive Criminal Organic Code and other international instruments. The training for drivers on risk factors of traffic infractions is a subject that is taking a great boost due to the alarming figures of recidivism of these drivers at local, national and international level, which is why this investigation is carried out. Aims to offer an alternative solution to the problem, through the Draft Law Reform to the Comprehensive Criminal Organic Code, Eighth Chapter, traffic infractions First section, general rules.Item Adolescentes infractores en conflicto con la ley y su rehabilitación Social(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2017-07) Vásquez Torres, Aldo Álvaro; Aguilar Rodríguez, William FredyThrough studies that have been carried out in recent years at the National Level, Infractions carried out by Adolescents are issues that concern society in Ecuador. To the transient authorities, the perceptions that an individual presents to the vulnerability of another, as well as to members of his family around them are considered as alarming victimization, which when passing unnoticed by an investigation that happens in consumption Of a violent act, requires for its due sanction the Judicial Power, clarification and bases for its corresponding sanction. Same as sometimes due to lack of evidence, they are neglected, which is why the country in recent years has experienced strong increases in Serious Violations in many areas of the National Territory. To this are added the political confrontations, those projected by a discussion of public security, sometimes concentrate on popular consultations that do not end up being the solution to eradicate or try to counteract the problem. Experienced by many and in the presence of others the insecurity discourse of the elites, before the committing of an infraction is a subject of analysis and transversally the discussion in matter of citizen security by academic members and administrative part of the sector of Justice that do not start from realities Concrete they have also been part of serious crime scenarios, which is why in society a fear is felt from the same national citizen or from the one who entered as a refugee and Nobody knows or knows the situations that generate this social phenomenon. The role of the Armed Forces or National Police in conjunction with the sectional authorities in some cases can become reproducers of violence (Aguilar 2013). The discourse of insecurity combines several actors: from adolescents, professionals in free exercise, forces of order, citizens in full right and without distinction of gender and ethnicity, are some of the indexes in the matter of Infringements. In addition to this, it is necessary to impart that public safety can be reduced to a speech that is distant and distant to those who experience acts of violence.Item El estado de necesidad y el exceso de velocidad en las infracciones de tránsito(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2017-05) Andino Carrión, Andrés Patricio; Pazmiño Vargas, Klever AlonsoThe titling work with the theme "THE STATE OF NEED AND THE EXCESS OF SPEED IN THE INFRACTIONS OF TRANSIT" proposes a better application in the regulations both within the Integrated Criminal Code and in the Organic Law of Land Transport, Traffic and Road Safety Guaranteeing the welfare of the conductions that transit through the canton of Ambato province of Tungurahua. It is necessary to indicate that the causes of justification eliminate harm to all, in what way are those who are in the circle of events, can not be harmed later. According to Borgia Mapelli Caffarena, "it is a question of situations in which the legislator considers the crime to be more tolerable than punishing him, one that knows an offense and some people can respond ..." (DONNA, 1978). Once the causes of justification are understood as certain circumstances that exempt the author from liability, it is necessary to indicate what is referred to in Article 30 of the Integrated Criminal Code, which indicates that the causes of the exclusion of the antijuridicidad "No There is a criminal offense when the typical conduct is justified by the state of necessity or legitimate defense. There is also no criminal offense when acting in compliance with a legitimate and express order of competent authority of a legal duty "(Code of Criminal Comprehensive Organic, 2014) The excess speed in traffic violations in our country is completely dismantled in the Organic Law of Land Transport, Traffic and Road Safety, therefore, a person who incurs in any of them, have and foresee a sanction. In many cases he is driving has witnessed some type of emergency situation and has seen in the need to exceed the speed limit by caution a well the right of the mayor hierarchy for example the life or welfare of a person. The author will be notified for the infraction that occurred and was left in a decision of the judge and the proof of the author justifies or not his contempt. The present work of the degree is directed towards the problematic that live in a newspaper many professional drivers in the courts without allowing a clear and true justification to not receive the prescription in the law. All people are at liberty The full defense of any problem raised, therefore, the study of this rule especially Article 32 of the Criminal Code must be fully applicable.Item Las multas como pena accesoria del delito y el principio de proporcionalidad(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2017-03) Guacho Yuquilema, Edgar Franklin; Sánchez Espín, Jorge EnriqueThe graduation work: "FINES AS PENA ACCESSORY OF CRIME AND THE PRINCIPLE OF PROPORTION" proposed that the pecuniary fines from a judgment, be regulated in a different way to which to date has been carried out, so that this so the state ensure the proper implementation of laws. After the investigative work, it is concluded that the mechanical application made by the administrator of justice by imposing financial penalties for the person whose judgment is damning, it is implemented through the legal requirements established by law, but it should be noted that the same law It does not take into consideration several factors which are vital for assertive decision imposing fines. The addition of a new methodology for determining the fines to be applied in our legislation will help forewarn not only the rights and guarantees of persons deprived of liberty but of the victims and the state which promotes better performance and application criminal regulations. By taking into consideration several key aspects in the implementation of a correct and appropriate punitive legislation, the state would guarantee due process and proper compliance with the principles and constitutional guarantees. Under these parameters, it is inevitable to state that this research is of vital importance and significance in the proper and optimal development of Ecuadorian law, as it seeks to provide an alternative solution to the problem, which is of paramount importance is incorporated into our legal system for the protection and safeguarding of the rights and guarantees of individuals.Item La prisión preventiva establecida en el Art. 534 del código orgánico integral penal por infracciones de tránsito y el derecho a la presunción de inocencia(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales , Carrera de Derecho, 2016-11) Palate Palate, Byron Lizandro; Pazmiño Vargas, Klever AlonsoThe law assures an appropriate justice administration for every person in the society by means of his different legal codes that secure the fulfillment values and safeguard within a State, basics safeguards and primordial like presumption of innocence rather than the guilty. The preventive prison prescriptive in the Integral Penal Organic Code applied in traffic violations too contradictorily to the described before allow infringe the principle of innocence that all of people possess indisputably, as long as the judge says the opposite after judgments. In traffic subject the preventive prison should be an exception taking consideration of the dimension social alarm that it’s caused. Within the society the laws regulate the conduct of who form it and thanks to the accomplishment of the law the society achieve a harmony, this harmony is not broken by pleasure or single whim, especially when refer to traffic subject, the experts mention that a car driver round trip by the ways to do different activities in opposite no for contravene the laws or ignore it. Order the preventive prison for sanction anticipatorily a traffic violation produce a stage of fear at the moment of his application due to is suppose the guilty of someone before his own innocence; giving a place to the drivers decide to avoid this tricky situation and don’t proceed whit good faith staying in the place that occurred the infraction to take the reply of acts and check the infraction´s circumstances determining just like that the act´s nature and if the people deserve of this cautious measure that instead of correct the violators produce more people deprived of his liberty and like as final consequence the increase in the prison population.Item La reparación integral de las víctimas y las disposiciones del Código Orgánico Integral Penal(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales , Carrera de Derecho, 2016-10) González Mejía, Adriana Cristina; Guevara Fuentes, José RubénThe research work titled: “THE INTEGRAL REPARATION OF THE VICTIMS AND THE PROVISIONS IN THE CÓDIGO ORGÁNICO INTEGRAL PENAL”, performs a thorough analysis of the few provisions contained in the Code Organic Integral Criminal Código Orgánico Integral Penal with respect to integral reparation of victims of criminal offences that consist in three articles that address the rights of victims, the comprehensive reparation of damage and the mechanisms to apply, as well as the principles, rights and guarantees referred to in the Constitution of Ecuador, 2008, and other legal sources, national and international. After a thorough theoretical investigation and field came to determine that the provisions referred to in the Código Orgánico Integral Penal are not sufficient to ensure comprehensive reparation to the victims, but on the contrary many of the times tend to be the cause of that criminal justice bodies incur in serious violations of the protection rights enshrined in the constitution since it is currently what is causing dissatisfaction with these processes is the discretion of the acting operators of justice validating other principles of criminal law that the right of protection and integral reparation to the victims. In this sense, the article 78 of the current Constitution establishes that “The victims of criminal offenses shall benefit from special protection...”, “shall be mechanisms for a repair...” in accordance with the particulars set out in the provisions of the COIP and other international instruments. The integral reparation of the victims of criminal offences is a topic which is taking a great momentum because of the alarming figures of deprotection of the victims at the local, national and international, and is the reason that motivated the conduct of this research, which seeks to offer an alternative solution to the problem, through the establishment of a protocol to inter-agency for the protection, attention and integral reparation to victims of criminal offences.Item Las infracciones de tránsito en la ciudad de Ambato y la educación vial(2015) Guato Tipán, Byron Wilfrido; Pazmiño, Kléver AlonsoEl incremento de las infracciones de tránsito es un tema que genera preocupación a nivel social, ya que cada día el índice de contraventores va en aumento, lo que significa que existe un total desconocimiento de las normas viales y las leyes de tránsito vigentes; lo que genera inseguridad vial. La educación vial es el pilar fundamental para el adecuado uso de las vías, ya sea como conductores, peatones o usuarios, por lo que es necesario informar, educar y capacitar a todos los ciudadanos, con el propósito de disminuir el índice de cometimiento de infracciones de tránsito, contribuyendo de esa manera a descongestionar el sistema judicial; y evitar muertes innecesarias. A través de la información obtenida se puede evidenciar que el problema de la educación vial va mucho más allá que el simple conocimiento de las reglas de tránsito; pues se ve enmarcado en la falta de educación, tanto vial como de valores y buenas costumbres, son algunas de las causas que hacen que el manejar sea una pelea constante entre conductores. Para el desarrollo de la propuesta se realizará capacitaciones a los usuarios de las vías; capacitación se llevará a cabo bajo la modalidad seminario-taller, pues a través de esta modalidad se crea la posibilidad de hacer un encuentro con mayores oportunidades de interacción e intercambio entre los participantes y los encargados de desarrollar el taller. Es indispensable que para el desarrollo de esta modalidad, se considera necesario que el número de asistentes a la capacitación no supere la cantidad de 50 personas. A los asistentes se les entregará un módulo como soporte didáctico de la capacitación sobre las temáticas a tratar. El objetivo del Seminario – Taller es brindar a los conductores y a la ciudadanía en general una herramienta que les permita orientarse según sus necesidades, a través de información que promueva la adquisición de conocimientos para el desarrollo de actitudes adecuadas encaminadas a la formación de una conciencia vial; contribuyendo de esa manera a la formación de una cultura de prevención y promoción de la seguridad vial, coadyuvante a disminuir los accidentes de tránsito a nivel nacional.Item El manejo de la información en las estaciones radiales y la Aparición de Conflictos Sociales en el Cantón Ambato.(2013) Gamboa Orozco, Luis AlbertoEl propósito de este trabajo de investigación es la implementación de un departamento de contenidos para la difusión de productos informativos que no generen espacios de reacción en respuesta a mensajes verbales donde se deslegitiman a las personas, por el inadecuado uso de la palabra. Para lograr este objetivo se consideran aspectos en los que Jürgen Habermas plantea a la acción comunicativa como mediación en el proceso de evolución socio- cultural, donde no se entiende al proceso de evolución social como racionalización-cosificación de la conciencia sino como una racionalización comunicativa de las estructuras simbólicas del mundo de la vida. Los mensajes tendrán una fuerza vigorizante con principios “del yo” como generador de mediación. Aspectos que influyen para fomentar una cultura que oriente los sentidos para mejorar la calidad de las relaciones interpersonales y así disminuir los potenciales eventos adversos que pueden afectar una convivencia y, por tanto, la calidad de vida en los ecuatorianos. Descriptores: comunicación asertiva, homofilia, empatía, catarsis, interacción, feed back, mediación, efecto de la información, funcionalismo, orientación de sentidos.Item La supremacía de la norma Constitucional genera la inaplicabilidad de las sanciones de prisión y reclusión en las infracciones tributarias en la sala de lo penal en la corte Provincial de Tungurahua en el primer semestre del año 2009(2011) Yugcha Yugcha, Nelly PatriciaLa aplicación de las sanciones de prisión y reclusión que establece la Ley Tributaria en particular, tiene muchos cuestionamientos por no estar inmerso en un sistema jurídico que respeta las normas superiores y jerárquicas así como tampoco las garantías constitucionales. Su uso ha sido un problema histórico en nuestro país; ya que siempre ha existido una incompatibilidad de normas que permite evadir responsabilidades tributarias al amparo de la propia ley, por cuanto nuestra Carta Magna asegura el derecho al debido proceso que incluye garantías básicas que no se puede dejar a un lado, Específicamente en el caso de la defraudación fiscal que es un delito tributario que se originan por evadir o no pagar tributos o impuestos. Por tal motivo es necesario que la norma Suprema identifique una posible solución reformando la norma tributaria. El presente trabajo tiene una metodología de investigación dogmática-documental, jurídico-sociológica, y descriptiva Como dispositivos tenemos: La Constitución de la República del Ecuador, Tratados Internacionales y Ley Orgánica Tributaria.