Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Diseño geométrico de la vía que une las comunidades San Ramón - Yawintza pertenecientes a la parroquia 16 de Agosto, cantón Palora, provincia de Morona Santiago(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-08) Escobar Masabanda, Luis Fernando; Aldás Sánchez, Milton RodrigoIn the province of Morona Santiago there are local roads that connect towns and require paved roads. That is why the objective of this technical work is the geometric and pavement design between the San Ramón and Yawintza communities with the 16 de Agosto parish head. The study area includes 5 kilometers of ballasted track. Soil was extracted from 8 pits to carry out soil mechanics tests with AASHTO, ASTM and SUCS regulations. At the site, the high-precision RTK topographic survey was carried out, progressively counting traffic for 7 days a week, the typical section of the project was determined based on the traffic study and we proceeded with the design of the flexible pavement structure using the AASHTO 93 regulations. The vertical and horizontal geometric design is based on current regulations MOP 2003 and NEVI 12, under CIVIL 3D design software. The minor works of art were designed based on the analysis of the vertical design and the hydrological study of the area of influence. Finally, the typical section of the project was determined for a Class IV Road, a terrain with flat terrain characteristics, the design speed of 60 kilometers per hour, and the flexible pavement structure with 5 centimeters of asphalt layer, 10 centimeters of base class 2, 10 centimeters of class 3 subbase.Item Análisis de las correlaciónes entre el CBR, DCP, las propiedades índices y mecánicas en los suelos de la parroquia Angamarca, cantón Pujilí, provincia de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Gomez Morales, Jhimy Alejandro; Portilla Yandún, Favio PaúlEn la provincia de Cotopaxi existen vías lastradas que unen localidades y requieren vías asfaltadas, la base de datos existente referente a propiedades índice y mecánicas del suelo es insuficiente. Es por ello que el presente trabajo experimental, tiene como objetivos ampliar la base de datos del suelo de la zona y determinar las correlaciones existentes de los suelos, siendo la principal correlación el ensayo California Bearing Ratio (CBR) y el ensayo Penetración Dinámica de Cono (DCP), debido a su incidencia directa en el diseño de pavimento flexible. El área de estudio comprende 4 vías ubicadas en la parroquia Angamarca del cantón Pujilí, provincia de Cotopaxi. Las vías que fueron objeto de estudio son de tercer orden elegidas estratégicamente. Se realizaron calicatas y se procedió con la extracción de 12 muestras de suelo representativo de la zona cada una de ellas de 50 kilogramos, en el sitio se procedió con los ensayos Cono de arena y DCP. Las muestras de suelo extraídas sirvieron para la determinación de las propiedades índices y mecánicas del suelo en laboratorio basados en las normas AASHTO, ASTM y SUCS. Los resultados fueron 25 correlaciones con un índice de correlación poisson mayor del 50 por ciento, siendo la correlación más importante la de 77 porciento correspondiente al ensayo DCP y CBR lo que indica un resultado aceptable. Finalmente, se diseñó el espesor del paquete estructural del pavimento con el método AASHTO 93. Obteniendo espesores de: capeta asfáltica 5 centímetros, base 10 centímetros y sub base 20 centímetros.Item Diseño geométrico y del pavimento de la vía Calamaca - Chiquiurco desde la abscisa 0+000 hasta la abscisa 4+000 perteneciente al cantón Ambato de la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-03) Moreta Apuparo, Erika Yessenia; Portilla Yandún, Favio PaúlThe elaboration of the current technical project has as purpose the design of the road that connects the sectors of Calamaca and Chiquiurco, for promoting the socioeconomical, touristic and commercial development of the sector. The project includes the complete geometric design of the highway, its pavement structure, complementary works, and the estimation of the referential budget. It was necessary to carry out field works such as topographic survey, traffic study and soil analysis. The topographic survey of the road was carried out with the help of the Total Station, taking points of the axis and edge of the road and detailing points of interest such as buildings, culverts and watercourses. The traffic study was carried out through a manual vehicle count, obtaining a TPDA of 230 vehicles/day for the year 2041, classifying the road as a Class IV country road. The geometric design was carried out according to the topography of the terrain and based on the MTOP 2003 and NEVI-12 standards. While for the pavement design, the corresponding laboratory testgs were performed and, applying the AASHTO-93 Method, the thicknesses of the different layers of the pavement structure were obtained. In addition, drainage works were designed, such as gutters and sewers, which contribute to preserve the road by controlling and evacuating the surface water. Finally, the referential budget for the project was estimated, establishing the items, volumes of works and technical specifications.Item Correlación entre el CBR, DCP, propiedades índice y mecánicas en suelos de la parroquia La Matriz del cantón Quero, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2021-08) Molina Hinojosa, María José; Portilla Yandún, Favio PaúlThis project started with in-situ tests at each of the 12 randomly chosen sites in the parish under study. One pit per point, field density test (sand cone method), and dynamic cone penetration (DCP) were carried out. Subsequently, the necessary amount of natural soil was collected for the respective laboratory tests. The samples were tested in the laboratory, applying the corresponding standards for the determination of specific gravity, Atterberg limits, granulometry, maximum dry density, optimal moisture content and CBR. With the obtained data, correlations were developed between all the indicated properties, using the statistical analysis of regression and correlation for 2 and 3 variables, through the least squares method. Once this analysis was completed, a total of 23 correlations were obtained, with coefficients of determination ranging between 55 and 87 percent, considering these correlations to be reliable since the values exceeds 50 percent. Finally, previous the traffic study, the flexible pavement structural design of a rural highway in the study area was performed. For this, the CBR (subgrade) values of a soil sample, obtained both in the test, and in certain correlations, were used. Among other aspects, it is concluded that, for a preliminary highways soils study the application of the proposed correlations in this work is feasible, for an indirect obtainment of the analyzed properties of the studied soils types.Item Diseño geométrico de la vía Pinllopata – El Corazón en el tramo 4 + 000 hasta 7 + 900 perteneciente al cantón Pangua de la provincia de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2021-02) Guerrero Ordoñez, Kleiton Sabino; Aldás Sánchez, Milton RodrigoThe Project was developed in the Province of Cotopaxi on the Pangua Canton, specifically between the towns of Pinllopata and El Corazon, where the towns submerged in the need for an access road to their towns with the sole purpose of improving economic aspects, social, tourist and cultural. All the studies carried out in this project were carried out with the norm of the Ministry of Transport and Public Works MTOP-2003; where a topographic survey was carried out, using a georeferencing equipment and a Phantom 4 drone, and the data was processed by the Pix 4D software. Within the vehicular study, it was to carried out using the manual counting method, where the locality of the grant was taken as a base point, for which we proceeded by classifying the vehicles that circulate on that road, resulting in a projection of traffic for a design period of 20 years. The horizontal, vertical and transversal geometric design of the development with AutoCAD Civil 3D software, as well as determining the cut and fill volumes. The study of soils took place in the laboratories of the technical University of Ambato, taking samples from the Pinllopata – El Corazon road, using pits every 500 meters, and under the regulations of AASHTO – 93. As well as for the design of the pavement where, through the mechanical characteristics of the soil, we were able to determine the thickness of the base, sub-base and flexible pavement.Item Correlación entre CBR y las propiedades índice y mecánicas en suelos granulares, de las parroquias Ambatillo y Quisapincha, cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2020) Garzón Zapata, Lesly Sofía; Portilla Yandún, Favio PaúlThe study of the physical and mechanical properties of the granular soils was carried out by 12 calicatas made in Ambatillo and Quisapincha parishes, that Penetrometro Dinamico de Cono (DCP) and in situ essays were made, subsequent his execution material was extractedto be analized in the lab. From the essays values obtained it proceed to tab them in a way to let us saw correlations between 2 and 3 variables, (multiple linear regression, multiple logaritmic regression and multiple potencial regression) between CBR on percent respect index and soils mechanicals, of wich they onli will be presented those that provide 50 percent superior coeficent determination. The flexible paviment layers design wil be realized trought the AASHTO 93 norm with two CBR values in flush sub percent, the first is going to be obtained trought a lab essay and the other trought index DN vs CBR penetration in percent.Item Estudio para la apertura de la vía entre los sectores La Floresta y San Juan de los Diablos, de la parroquia Río Negro del cantón Baños de Agua Santa, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2017) Peñafiel Bonilla, Carlos Damián; Almeida Lema, Vinicio FabiánThe present work has the purpose of the road study of the sectors La Floresta and San Juan de los Diablos, to put into practice all the knowledge acquired in the career of Civil Engineering. It begins by recognizing the terrain with inspections accompanied by the inhabitants of the communities involved and then gathering all the information to draw three routes as alternatives for the preliminary design of the road. With the Bruce Method and the zero line, the best route is selected, with the greatest benefit in the technical, environmental and economic fields. With these elements proceed with the horizontal and vertical design of the project, following the guidelines of the Standards of Geometric Design of Roads of the MOP 2003. The traffic study is carried out to verify the category or class of road. The next activity is the respective soil studies, known as the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) design that is used in the design of the flexible pavement structure. Drainage works and the referential budget are designed.Item Diseño geométrico de la carretera ubicada entre los tramos Las Estancias- Colonia García Moreno de la parroquia Río Negro, del cantón Baños de Agua Santa, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2017) Robalino Barrera, Cristina Marivel; López Arboleda, Alex GustavoThe present technical research project, prior to obtaining the title of Civil Engineer, has the objective of realizing the respective geometric design located in Rio Negro, a township in Baños city, between Las Estancias- Colonia Garcia Moreno ; the purpose of the article is to aid people living in this area. A topographic study was carried out to determine all the soil conditions and the respective soil study, identifying the properties of the soil, performing laboratory tests such as grain size, moisture content, Atterberg boundaries, CBR of design, the same ones that are necessary for the calculation of the structure of the pavement, was also made a counting of vehicular traffic which allowed to define to the way like type IV according to the norms of the Ministry of Public Works (MOP). For this technical work, the stabilization of the slope by means of tire walls was performed as "Plus", analyzing the two unaltered samples extracted from it to determine the necessary data and to make the respective calculations. Finally, the unit price analysis was carried out to determine the reference budget together with a valued work schedule, which allowed us to know the approximate time for the execution of the project.Item Estudio geométrico del camino vecinal hacia la pre-asociación 12 de Mayo (Triunfo), cantón Arajuno, provincia de Pastaza(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2017) López Criollo, Romel Damian; Pérez Maldonado, Ruth LorenaThis project aims the geometric study of the dirt road towards the pre-asociacion may 12 (triumph), canton Arajuno, province of Pastaza, reason for developing economic, agricultural, livestock and tourism partner of the inhabitants, facilitating mobility of people and products that are grown in the area. To proceed with the design of the project took into account all standards and specifications in force, necessary, as the standard of the Ministry of transport and public works (MOP 2003), NEVI'IM 2012, and international as the 93 AASHTO (American Association of State Highway and Transportation Official.), a specialized software (CivilCad) Additionally hired to perform the geometric design of the route. The project was carried out various activities as: topographical, horizontal and vertical design, annual (TPDA) daily average traffic, drainage design and study of soils, tests of compaction, CBR, structure design of pavement and referential budget among others. The project has the support of the Government autonomous decentralized Provincial of Pastaza, Department of road studies and the Technical University of Ambato.Item Trazado y diseño geométrico de la prolongación de la vía Santa Inés entre el sector San Juan de los Diablos entre el Río Resbalo y el Río Tigre, parroquia Río Negro, cantón Baños, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2017) Mena Carrasco, Luis Santiago; Acosta Lozada, Rodrigo IvánThis technical project is based on a direct observation of the current conditions of the sector through an exploration and recognition of the terrain. A topographic study was carried out to determine the conditions of the terrain, such as location, total length, purpose, alignment, slopes, hydrological basins, the important points through which it should cross the road. The vehicle counting was carried out in two stations to determine the Annual Average Daily Traffic, and the traffic projected to 10 and 20 years, necessary to determine the type of route to which the project belongs. In order to know the characteristics of the soil that exists in the area, studies were carried out in the laboratory where the moisture content, limits of consistency, compaction and CBR were determined, necessary for the design stage. In the design stage, the data and information mentioned above were used to determine the dimensions of the lateral ditches and culverts, the thickness of the layers that make up the pavement structure, as well as the horizontal, vertical and transverse design. This project counts on the unit price analysis to determine the reference budget and the chronogram of work with its respective investment curve, determining the expectations for which this project was carried out.