Ciencias de la Salud
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Item Evaluación de la psicomotricidad en niños menores de 3 años durante la teleeducación en tiempos de confinamiento(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-03-01) Arias Solis, Viviana del Rocío; Benavidcs Rovalino, Esther del Rocío Lic. Mg.Objective: To determine the psychomotor skills in children under 3 years of age, dtiring tele-education in times of confinement through the Denver test. The research was of a basic type with a quantitative approach and a sirnplc cohort; Thc Dcnvcr Test was iniplementetl, and it was alst› carried tout indiViÜLl:Illy ft›r each child. The test consiste of 55 items, and elassiJies children depending on their failures: normal, doubtJul and abnormal. One hundred participants were included in the study population. As a result, childrcn from 0 to 3 ycars old in thc pcrsonal social arca, 95’% had nomial dcvcloprnciit and 5% presentecl delay; in the area of fine mottx’ sl‹i11s, 5 l % reach adequate develtipirent and 49% present a delay; within the gross inotor area, 34% present retardation and 66% achieve adequate development; In the language area, 58'/» have a normal development and 42% present delay. lu conclusion, the pandeinic caused by Covid-19 is associated with an increase in ris1‹ factors for the adequate development of psychomotor skills. Mediation has been achieved with technology and the possibilities of realizing an inclusive and personalized approach in virtiial education.Item Tecnología asistida para la neuro-estimulación en el desarrollo psicomotor en niños de 4-5 años pertenecientes a un centro de educación inicial particular de la provincia de Tungurahua durante el aislamiento causado por la pandemia del covid-2019(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-04-01) Sánchez Reyes, Luis Gabriel Md.; Meléndez Tamayo, Carlos Fernando Dr. (Ph. D).Development is inescapably integrated into the concept of health. Psychomotor development can be defined as a process of functional and comprehensive skills that are progressively acquired continuously as the person grows. Several factors can interfere with the proper development of early childhood. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declares an international epidemiological emergency due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Ecuador chooses to implement preventive measures such as social confinement. Before the current world situation, the use of new technologies was catapulted as a neurostimulation tool. However, the potential of these resources to aid psychomotor development in times of pandemic is unknown. The following work is presented as part of a cross-sectional study, carried out between June and July 2020 in 29 boys and girls from a private initial education center in the province of Tungurahua (Ecuador). Where the current state of children's psychomotor development was evaluated through the Battelle IDB Development Inventory. Through questionnaire, directed to parents. The use of technological means (hours / day) was identified in order to identify the existing level of correlation. In addition, they inquired about situations related to confinement. All the work was done by videoconference. The purpose was to assess the coefficients of total development and by domains and establish possible deficits in them. On the other hand, it was investigated through a structured questionnaire. The range of xv ages of those evaluated was from 48 to 62 months of age. With an average of 55.43 months that represents a value in years of 4.62. The majority were men, a total of 18 (62%). 41% of the patients reached an average development coefficient. Nine children (34%) had a high developmental coefficient. Seven of those evaluated (24%) obtained an advanced coefficient. Only one of the children achieved an accelerated global coefficient. In the evaluation by domains, the motor area was the only one where two cases of mild delays and one with significant delay were identified. Regarding accessibility, there was 100% access to any technological device and the internet. Regarding the correlation by means of the Pearson coefficient between the development coefficients (global and by domains) and the different uses of technological means in hours / day. In none of the cases in which the correlational analysis was carried out did the value obtained reach the criterion of r '> 0.7. However, moderate relationships between 0.52 were found between motor development and use in hours / day of the console at the expense of fine motor development, although they were not significant. The influence of social isolation and the psychomotor development of children is not completely established. Regarding the relationship of the use of technological means and its influence during the pandemic, no significant relationships were found, however the results are combined with previous research where playing video games is associated with greater cognition and reaction speed. By way of conclusion it was not found problems were evidenced in the cognitive area or the personal / social domain where it was expected that there were deficits related to isolation. However, it is in the motor areas where problems were found in development. It remains to be established whether there is a true relationship between this finding and confinement or it is only an expected statistical consequence. The use of immersive methods can apparently generate real benefit although the proper methodology of use is not well establisItem La depresión en adultos mayores por covid- 19 durante la emergencia sanitaria(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2021-03-01) Sailema Sailema, Verónica Alexandra; Mayorga Ortiz, Diego Javier Psi.Cli. Mst.The elderly are considered a vulnerable group within the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador, so they require special attention to guarantee their quality of life, however, when the Covid-19 pandemic occurs worldwide, all people areThey were forced into social isolation, this situation affected the emotional healthof older adults, for this reason this research aims to analyze the presence ofdepression in older adults due to COVID-19 during the health emergency. Themethodology that was applied is the meta-analysis where inclusion and exclusioncriteria were established for the selection of research. Among the main findingsthat were obtained, the average age of adults over 71 years of age, 49% weremale and 51% female. The prevalent generative factors for the development of depression were fear of contracting the disease and confinement. The clinicalcharacteristics that they denoted were the difficulty of sleep, sadness, anddecreased appetite with p values lower than 0.05, which makes them significantwithin the disease. Based on these triggers, the levels of depression that older adults presented in the different investigations were moderate depression (31%,p = 0.03) and severe depression (25%, p = 0.01). These results allow us toconclude that depression is a disease that was found latent in older adults duringthe time of the pandemic, significantly affecting their quality of life.Item Efectos en la salud mental por aislamiento social en los habitantes del barrio san Sebastiàn del Canton Latacunga(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2021-03-01) Jiménez Jaramillo, Diana Stefania; Moyano Calero, Willian Eudrilir Lic. Mg.Introduction: Metal health is the direct or indirect activities that consist of physical, metal and social well-being. Diseases related to mental disorders, both mild and severe, cause restlessness or disturb a person's ability to move and social relationships. The psychological alterations go from isolated symptoms to serious and complex disorders marking a deterioration in their functionality such as insomnia, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders, which arise from the alteration of the environment in which the individual develops. Social isolation can be created when an individual moves away from his environment either voluntarily or involuntarily since at present social isolation has been given by fear of suffering the contagion of a pathogenic agent that affects health. Objective: To analyze the effects on mental health due to social isolation in the inhabitants of the San Sebastian neighborhood in the canton of Latacunga. Methods: The present investigation employs a quantitative cross-sectional approach, which sampled 314 inhabitants of Barrio San Sebastian in Latacunga County through simple random sampling. For the collection of data, it was used the questionnaire DASS21 which allowed measuring parameters of stress, anxiety and depression, besides it was included 5 sociodemographic items and a question focused on measuring the percentage of fulfillment of social isolation. The collected data were analyzed through the statistical program SPSS. Results: The present investigation has determined that within the population of the San Sebastian neighbourhood, depression has manifested itself in 4.14%, in a minimum level of 1 and maximum of 4, related to social isolation in 12.9%, as far as anxiety is concerned, it has manifested itself in 1.91% with a minimum level of 1 and maximum of 4, correlated to social isolation in 7.7% while stress has manifested itself in 5.73% with a minimum level of 1 and maximum of 4, related to social xiv isolation in 9.1%. Thus, social isolation has affected the mental health of 10.1% of the inhabitants. Conclusions: Social isolation has affected the mental health of 10.1% of the inhabitants of the San Sebastian neighbourhood in the canton of Latacunga, the main effect being stress. However, those who do not comply with the social isolation have also presented, stress, anxiety and depression therefore it is evident that there are other factors that cause damage to the psychological and emotional state of people and may already be by the conditions of the current pandemic and the new normal or other personal factors.Item Adicción a las redes sociales y su influencia en el aislamiento social en adolescentes(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2020-10-01) Chimbana Villa, Jenny Estefanía; Gavilanes Manzano, Fanny Rocío Mg. Psc. Cl.