Derecho
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Item Análisis jurídico de la Sentencia No. 2064-14-EP de la Corte Constitucional y la Suplantación de Identidad con contenido sexual(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Juriprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2025-04-01) Páramo Iza, Jenifer Jadira; Acosta Morales, María GabrielaIdentity is understood as the set of personal data that singles out an individual within social relations. The growing technological progress that is evident today causes society to change the way it relates to other individuals. In this sense, personal data shared in digital networks are susceptible to be used without the consent of the owner by third parties for criminal purposes that infringe legal rights such as property, identity and privacy. In this context, the use of sensitive personal data with the purpose of impersonating the identity with sexual content is frequent, even more so in an increasingly digitized world. This conduct violates traditional rights such as intimacy, privacy, image, honor, dignity and protection of personal data. These rights enjoy constitutional legal protection; however, it is necessary that the law adapts to the new modalities that arise in the digital environment. In such a way that, the criteria adopted by the Constitutional Court in judgment N°2064-14-EP/21 must be incorporated into the legal practice. Therefore, this research through the application of an explanatory methodological framework aims to analyze the influence of Ruling N°2064-14-EP/21 in the criminal legal framework of Ecuador. To obtain and analyze the information leading to the execution of the project, inductive, analytical, synthetic, historical and comparative methods were used. In addition, seven interviews were conducted with prosecutors, criminal judges and lawyers in free practice, to know the perception of the professionals about study. The relevance of the research lies in the need for an adaptation of the criminal law to punish the crimes that arise in the digital environment. For which, the research line adopted by this project is Communication, Society, Culture and Technology. The results of the research show that the sentence under examination contains fundamental criteria for the analysis of the rights that arise in the digital era and for the determination of criminal liability for the conduct of impersonation with sexual content in the digital context. In addition, through comparative law, it has been verified that the Ecuadorian criminal law does not guarantee a real protection of the rights of the victims of digital crimes, since it does not contemplate a comprehensive reparation.Item La identidad cultural y el ejercicio de los derechos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2019-11) Guaitoso Pilla, Juan Francisco; Tite, RamiroThe purpose of this research work is to guarantee the right of nationalities of indigenous peoples whether or not recognized by the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador; under the norms established in our constitution is a state of rights and justice; due to the discrimination, xenophobia and other related forms of intolerance and racism that exist on the part of the mestizo society, because on the other hand, it must be taken into account that the communities and indigenous peoples maintain their own and ancestral cultural identity. The situation of the human rights of the indigenous peoples and of the minorities in the town of Salasaka has been extremely precarious. The right to cultural identity is a fundamental right that until now has not been fully effective, even with the full support of international organizations, declarations and conventions. So far, the only binding instrument turns out to be ILO Convention 169 regarding indigenous peoples and some declarations for the case of national minorities and their members, a situation that should be modified in the future.Item El derecho a la identidad y el interes superior del niño, en el Cantón Ambato, Provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2019-09) Vaca Barona, Mónica Paulina; Tipantasig Cando, Jaime TarquinoThe right to identity and the best interests of the child, has the purpose of the present investigation that respects the right to be recognized by their parents from the moment of birth and if for some reason they do not enjoy the same surname, the injured can access the claim and investigation of paternity at any time of his life, where there is no prescription for time and may even be done by the father or mother, who guarantees the State, together with the laws, the enjoyment of the right to be recognized by their parents, which is the fundamental to be able to access other rights, such as providing food, being involved in inheritances etc. In view of the fact that it is a social problem that generates rejection and discrimination because it is called illegitimate children, it is a subject that must be studied, generating quick solutions since it is more than sufficient the lack of love and family dysfunction, since unexpected children tend to suffer from birth, diverse behaviors of their parents, which vary from acceptance, resignation and refusal to take responsibility. The last point is key because without it the normal performance of the child's life will not be the same as the legitimate ones, let alone full, that is why the State is responsible for fulfilling its right and any person who has an interest on the same one it will be able to impel the action of investigation of paternity and as main cause that there are no obstacles, much less contradictions with the Constitution, no law that can be extinguished or prescribe the right to take the last name of its parents.Item La muerte del progenitor y el derecho a la identidad de los hijos no reconocidos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2018-11) Masabanda Guerrero, Adriana Patricia; Poaquiza Poaquiza, Ángel PatricioThe right to the identity is a human right and therefore fundamentally for the development of the persons and of the companies, right this one who understands diverse aspects that distinguish a person from other one, includes the right to have a name and the possibility of identifying across a document of identity. This right to the identity has a direct and indissoluble entail with the right not to be discriminated, though it does not seem, but actually if they are connected rights, which refer for example to the health, to the intimacy and to the project of life, definitively in the right to the identity there meet other rights that also interfere to the moment that they are affected. The jurisprudence is pacific respect of the guardianship granted by the great letter to the right to the identity. This right is recognized also to level of the most advanced and lucid jurisprudence and foreign doctrine. The Court of Italian, pioneering Cassation in systematizing a tutelary doctrine of the right to the identity expressed to the effect that: " every subject has a generally considered deserving interest of juridical guardianship, of being represented in the life of relation by his real identity" It is my intention to approach the topic of the identity of the person and his protection in the order of the human rights, convinced that we all here already accept of item that it is not necessary to to speak about any of these rights in a dismantled way or aisladamente about the rest of the same ones. This wants to say that we assign to the so called theory of the integralidad of the rights.Item El cambio de apellido por posesión notoria y el derecho a la identidad personal y colectiva(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2017) Naranjo Valdospin, David Rodrigo; Tipantasig Cando, Jaime TarquinoABSTRACT The present investigation was carried out on "The Change of Last Name by Notorious Possession and The Right to the Collective Personal Identity". In the elaboration of this project a thorough study was made both of the antecedents, characteristics, and other ways in which a person can freely change or choose his surname; An analysis was also made of how the right to personal and collective identity is violated with reference to the free choice of surnames, since to be able to carry out the change of surname it is necessary that the notorious possession be proven. It is necessary to propose alternative solutions in order to correctly apply the right to identity and the freedom to choose surnames. In order for the research to be correctly carried out, it is necessary to take a sample of the population so that, in order to have a broader approach to how the project is to be carried out, and to see who are the ones who would benefit from the problem solution proposed in this investigation. With all the research developed, a proposal can be made in which it benefits the entire population affected by the violation of the Right to Identity by applying the regulations of the Organic Law of Identity and Civil Data Management, which states that to carry out the change of surname must prove its notorious possession, for which it was proposed alternatives in which it is focused to grant a solution, and through this people can change, modify and choose the order of their surnames freely, that is exercising the right that people have to the personal identity, to the free election of their surnames. The purpose of the proposal is to reform the Organic Law of Identity and Civil Data Management, so that this law establishes in its regulations the correct way in which the right to personal identity can be applied with the free Election of the surname established in the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador. Therefore, the right to personal identity in reference to the change or modification of the surname has been studied in a profound and extensive way to be able to apply in a correct way this constitutional right that we as Ecuadorians all have and which is of fundamental application within the Ecuadorian legislation.Item El reconocimiento legal de los grupos transgeneros y el derecho a la identidad(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2016-10) López Naveda, Fernanda de la Mercedes; Espin Sandoval, Luis FernandoThis is the work in the form of graduation thesis entitled: “LEGAL RECOGNITION OF THE TRANSGENDER GROUPS AND THE RIGHT TO IDENTITY”, it proposes that transgender groups recognize their right to identity, and thus have equal rights and are not discriminated against by their individual conditions. In the investigation it was determined that transgender groups are not recognized legally, because the document proving the identity of a person in the State of Ecuador, is the certificate of citizenship, which is impossible to have information according to these groups, there is no agreement with the physical changes that can accommodate a person throughout his life, which prevents them from having an identity defined according to their appearance. So they have left an open door to continue looking into whether all people have equal rights, and whether they are being violated, although are embodied in Ecuadorian laws. Under this consideration, one can say that it is of vital importance in research as it seeks to provide an alternative solution for transgender groups, have an identity, are not discriminated against because of their gender acquired, because they have a number of injuries, guaranteeing the rights established in the Constitution, the supreme law of the Ecuadorian legal system.Item La prueba biológica de ADN en la legislación civil y la investigación de la identidad filiatoria(2015) Vargas Gavilanes, Juan Sebastián; Molina, VictoriaEl presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal el introducir los avances biológicos y científicos para investigar la identidad filiatoria, el progreso en la ciencia, la tecnología y la medicina, en los últimos años, han dado grandes pasos que en otros tiempos no eran imaginables, mediante la prueba de ADN se logrará celeridad en los procesos y el cumplimiento del principio jurídico de descubrir la identidad personal de los hijos sin padres, personas sin una identidad propia como consecuencia de madres solteras o la irresponsabilidad de los padres al no querer reconocer voluntariamente a sus hijos nacidos fuera del matrimonio, por estos motivos es primordial se evite la vulneración del Derecho a la Identidad es decir el conocer su propio origen, que se contempla en la Constitución y que es reconocido por instancias internacionales, por lo que urge una reforma a la normativa civil ecuatoriana para que en todos los ciudadanos cuenten con su verdadera identidad personal haciendo prevalecer el derecho que la Constitución de la República garantiza en su Art. 66, número 322, a fin de evitar vulneración de principios de identidad de las personas que carecen de una identidad personal propia. La verificación de la hipótesis se realizó mediante el uso de la encuesta, la que fue analizada estadísticamente con Ji cuadrado, el que dio como resultado la aceptación de la Hipótesis Alternativa que afirma que la introducción de la prueba de ADN en el Código Civil beneficiará a que todas las personas puedan tener una verdadera identidad, por lo que se propone la “Reforma del Código Civil sobre la inclusión de la Prueba de ADN en la investigación de la identidad filiatoria” que entre sus artículos propone la admisión de la prueba de las muestras de sangre del hijo y de la persona se investiga la maternidad o paternidad.