Carrera de Biotecnología

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Subject: search.filters.subject.FITOHORMONAS

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Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Evaluación de fitohormona para la división celular in vitro de Myrciantes rhopaloides
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-02) Medina Medina, Jorge Antonio; De la Torre Olvera, Helena Maritza
    Myrcianthes rhopaloides commonly known as Black Arrayan is an endemic species of Ecuador, which has been used intensively due to the properties and quality of its wood, being of great value for the timber industry, causing the population of this species to be reduced. The objective of this research is to evaluate the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) for in vitro cell division by means of in vitro micropropagation, developing organogenesis in the form of leaves and shoots from explants, from the application of an in vitro culture protocol for disinfection in order to obtain viable explants and a variation of four treatments with Gamborg B5 medium; three of which will present phytohormone in different concentrations of 0,5; 1 and 1,5 milligrams per liter of phytohormone and one treatment as a negative control without the presence of phytohormone. As a result of the disinfection, a moderate percentage of viable explants was obtained, where the contamination rate was due to the presence of an endophytic fungus. In the evaluation of the phytohormone treatments, treatment three with a 1,5 percent concentration of indole-3-acetic acid showed a response of leaf and shoot formation in the third week after the start of the experiment, maintaining a gradual increase during the 7 weeks that the explants were incubated.
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    Optimización del proceso de enraizamiento in vitro de arándano (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) cultivar Biloxi
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08) Tubón Pilatasi, Yadira Michelle; Sánchez Garnica, Manoella Alejandra
    Blueberries have gained popularity owing to their health benefits. Ecuador, with more hours of sunlight and the absence of time zones, offers a favorable environment for enhancing and expanding these crops. However, there are significant obstacles to the limited and expensive availability of plant materials. This problem arises because conventional propagation cannot cope with the demand for plants owing to the difficult rooting of explants caused by physical and physiological stress. In this context, plant micropropagation is a viable solution. This technique allows large-scale seedlings to be obtained from cuttings, thereby overcoming the limitations of conventional propagation. Therefore, this research aims to optimize the in vitro rooting process of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) Biloxi variety. To achieve this, we will evaluate disinfection treatments, culture media, and phytohormone levels. The objective was to facilitate ex vitro establishment and meet the growing demand for plants. The best disinfection treatment was 2 percent sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) for 15 min. Under these conditions, 9 percent contamination, 91 percent viability, and 7 percent oxidation were observed. In addition, treatments with WPM yielded better results, with an average of eight leaves and a shoot length of 1,409 cm. In addition, 84 percent rooting was evident, with an average root length of 3.24 cm and 11.76 roots per explant using 1.5 mg per L of the phytohormone AIB.
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    Optimización del proceso de enraizamiento in vitro de arándano (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) cultivar Biloxi
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08) Guamán Chito, Mary Gissela; Sánchez Garnica, Manoella Alejandra
    Blueberries have gained popularity owing to their health benefits. Ecuador, with more hours of sunlight and the absence of time zones, offers a favorable environment for enhancing and expanding these crops. However, there are significant obstacles to the limited and expensive availability of plant materials. This problem arises because conventional propagation cannot cope with the demand for plants owing to the difficult rooting of explants caused by physical and physiological stress. In this context, plant micropropagation is a viable solution. This technique allows large-scale seedlings to be obtained from cuttings, thereby overcoming the limitations of conventional propagation. Therefore, this research aims to optimize the in vitro rooting process of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) Biloxi variety. To achieve this, we will evaluate disinfection treatments, culture media, and phytohormone levels. The objective was to facilitate ex vitro establishment and meet the growing demand for plants. The best disinfection treatment was 2 percent sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) for 15 min. Under these conditions, 9 percent contamination, 91 percent viability, and 7 percent oxidation were observed. In addition, treatments with WPM yielded better results, with an average of eight leaves and a shoot length of 1,409 cm. In addition, 84 percent rooting was evident, with an average root length of 3.24 cm and 11.76 roots per explant using 1.5 mg per L of the phytohormone AIB.
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    Evaluación de medios de cultivo y fitohormonas para la inducción de callogénesis a partir de dos explantes de arándano (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) cv. Biloxi
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08) Peralta Lluglla, Oscar David; De la Torre Olvera, Helena Maritza
    Blueberry consumption has increased its demand at international and national level, healthy plants are necessary efficient, therefore, this research seeks to evaluate culture media and phytohormones for the induction of callogenesis from two blueberry explants (Vaccinium corymbosum L) cv. Biloxi. Blueberry leaves and flowers that had undergone a disinfection process were introduced. In addition, leaves from plants established under in vitro conditions were evaluated. Woody plant medium was used as a base to formulate a total of thirteen treatments to which enrichers and different concentrations of phytohormones were added. The percentage of callus induction and the percentage of embryogenic calli, their morphological characteristics and their viability were evaluated. The results showed that the leaves taken ex vivo were not viable for callus development. No significant differences were found in the doses of 2,4D and KIN used in flowers. In leaves, the dose of 2 milligrams per litre of 2,4D gave callus with slightly better characteristics and the concentration of 3 milligrams per litre of KIN also showed a slight favourable difference. In conclusion, the composition of the medium, the hormone interaction, the type of explant and their interactions have a significant effect on the rate of callus induction. Furthermore, the best explant for efficient callus development is the flower, which provides favourable characteristics for a subsequent process of complete differentiation of the blueberry plant.
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    Evaluación de medios de cultivo y fitohormonas para la inducción de callogénesis a partir de dos explantes de arándano (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) cv. Biloxi
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08) Changoluisa Arguero, Dayanna Mishel; De la Torre Olvera, Helena Maritza
    Blueberry consumption has increased its demand at international and national level, healthy plants are necessary efficient, therefore, this research seeks to evaluate culture media and phytohormones for the induction of callogenesis from two blueberry explants (Vaccinium corymbosum L) cv. Biloxi. Blueberry leaves and flowers that had undergone a disinfection process were introduced. In addition, leaves from plants established under in vitro conditions were evaluated. Woody plant medium was used as a base to formulate a total of thirteen treatments to which enrichers and different concentrations of phytohormones were added. The percentage of callus induction and the percentage of embryogenic calli, their morphological characteristics and their viability were evaluated. The results showed that the leaves taken ex vivo were not viable for callus development. No significant differences were found in the doses of 2,4D and KIN used in flowers. In leaves, the dose of 2 milligrams per litre of 2,4D gave callus with slightly better characteristics and the concentration of 3 milligrams per litre of KIN also showed a slight favourable difference. In conclusion, the composition of the medium, the hormone interaction, the type of explant and their interactions have a significant effect on the rate of callus induction. Furthermore, the best explant for efficient callus development is the flower, which provides favourable characteristics for a subsequent process of complete differentiation of the blueberry plant.