Carrera de Biotecnología

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Subject: search.filters.subject.ESTRÉS VEGETAL

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    Anotación genómica de genes expresados en la biosíntesis de compuestos fenólicos en pitahaya (Hylocereus spp.) expuesta a condiciones de estrés
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08) Molina Valencia, Erick Santiago; Galarza Galarza, Cristian Fernando
    The lack of complete genetic information on the pitaya (Hylocereus spp.) genome and the absence of annotations in biological databases hinder the precise identification of genes expressed under stress conditions. To address this challenge, this study focused on annotating genes involved in the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds in pitaya under biotic (pathogen infection) and abiotic (flowering induction with supplementary light) stress conditions. Using various bioinformatic techniques, transcriptomic data were analyzed to assemble de novo sequences from raw reads for each stress condition. The quality of these assemblies was rigorously evaluated, and a consensus sequence was generated to analyze its homology with related species. Structural and functional annotation of the assemblies was conducted using ab initio and de novo prediction tools, resulting in annotations in GFF3 format that detail both the structure and biological functions of the predicted genes. Subsequently, a differential expression analysis (DEG) was performed to identify genes expressed in the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds under different stress conditions. The results revealed nine key enzymes involved in the metabolic pathways of phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, and anthocyanins. Additionally, a MYB transcription factor that regulates gene expression in these pathways was identified. This research underscores the complexity of pitaya's adaptive mechanisms in response to stress, highlighting its activation of specific biosynthetic processes that enhance antioxidant capacity and adaptive ability under adverse conditions.
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    Evaluación de la producción de fenoles, flavonoides y antioxidantes en sistemas biotecnológicos de pitahaya (Hylocereus megalanthus) con metil jasmonato
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08) García Ramos, Marissa Miossothy; Lalaleo Córdova, Liliana Paulina
    This research evaluates the effects of methyl jasmonate as a plant stress inducer on the production of phenolic compounds, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity in cellular biotechnological systems of pitahaya (Hylocereus megalanthus). Stress was induced at different concentrations of 0, 50 and 150 micromolar methyl jasmonate at time intervals of 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The results showed with 50 micromolar a continuous maximum phenol production until day 28 with 137,639 equivalents of gallic acid, while 150 micromolar achieved a phenol production of 126,087 equivalents of gallic acid at 28 days. In flavonoid production, 150 micromolar showed the fastest increase, 121,562 quercetin equivalents in 14 days. In antioxidant capacity, 150 micromolar MeJa elicited the highest initial response, 89.518 percent inhibition of DPPH within 14 days. This study concludes that, for industrial applications aimed at both growth and the production of bioactive compounds, the treatment of pitahaya cells with 50 micromolar methyl jasmonate is optimal, since they provide a balance between progressive growth and greater production of metabolites. Alternatively, higher concentrations such as 150 micromolar methyl jasmonate can be used for rapid compound production despite reduced cell growth. The findings provide valuable information for laboratory processes at industrial levels, depending on specific production objectives and as a contribution to the limited research of these compounds in plant cell suspensions.