Carrera de Biotecnología

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    Análisis genómico de Escherichia coli portadoras de genes de resistencia mcr-1 y blaOXA-48 de origen ambiental ecuatoriano utilizando secuenciación de tercera generación
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-02) Villacís López, Keyla Monserrath; Calero Cáceres, William Ricardo
    The present research emphasizes the importance of analyzing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) both globally and in Ecuador, focusing on the analysis of two complete genome sequences of E. coli strains (62A and 17A) of environmental origin, which harbor resistance genes. The relevance of this work in global public health is significant, highlighting the urgency to address this issue. Using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) sequencing technique and bioinformatics tools, a detailed characterization of the chromosomes and plasmids of the strains was achieved. The analysis was carried out on the platform of the Center for Genomic Epidemiology (CGE-DTU), allowing the identification of resistance genes, virulence factors, plasmids, sequence types, including multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Additionally, the genetic environment was studied using DiGAling and phylogeny through the cgMLST method of the Galaxy platform, using the iTOL tool for visualization. The results revealed that both strains have an approximate genomic size of 4.8 Mb, and the resistance genes are located on IncFII type plasmids. They also share phylogenetic profiles and antibiotic resistance, particularly highlighting the E. coli 17A strain, being the first in Ecuador reported with the blaOXA-48 gene. These discoveries are vital for the surveillance and control of E. coli, underscoring the importance of an integrated One Health approach, which considers the relationship between human, animal, and environmental health; allowing for coordinated strategies against the challenges of antibiotic resistance.
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    Análisis genómico de Escherichia coli portadoras de genes de resistencia mcr-1 y blaOXA-48 de origen ambiental ecuatoriano utilizando secuenciación de tercera generación
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-02) Jaramillo Mariño, Vivian Arlette; Calero Cáceres, William Ricardo
    The present research emphasizes the importance of analyzing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) both globally and in Ecuador, focusing on the analysis of two complete genome sequences of E. coli strains (62A and 17A) of environmental origin, which harbor resistance genes. The relevance of this work in global public health is significant, highlighting the urgency to address this issue. Using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) sequencing technique and bioinformatics tools, a detailed characterization of the chromosomes and plasmids of the strains was achieved. The analysis was carried out on the platform of the Center for Genomic Epidemiology (CGE-DTU), allowing the identification of resistance genes, virulence factors, plasmids, sequence types, including multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Additionally, the genetic environment was studied using DiGAling and phylogeny through the cgMLST method of the Galaxy platform, using the iTOL tool for visualization. The results revealed that both strains have an approximate genomic size of 4.8 Mb, and the resistance genes are located on IncFII type plasmids. They also share phylogenetic profiles and antibiotic resistance, particularly highlighting the E. coli 17A strain, being the first in Ecuador reported with the blaOXA-48 gene. These discoveries are vital for the surveillance and control of E. coli, underscoring the importance of an integrated One Health approach, which considers the relationship between human, animal, and environmental health; allowing for coordinated strategies against the challenges of antibiotic resistance.
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    Bioprospección de bacteriófagos líticos de Salmonella enterica multirresistente de origen avícola de la provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2023-09) Topa Pila, Paulina Liseth; Calero Cáceres, William Ricardo
    The use of bacteriophages has emerged as a promising alternative to address the antimicrobial resistance crisis, driven by the indiscriminate use of antibiotics in the poultry industry. This study isolated lytic bacteriophages specific to multi-resistant S. enterica of poultry origin in Tungurahua province from contaminated water sources and evaluated them based on their lytic profiles and low-temperature stability. Under the Microbiology and Biotechnology research line, the isolation and purification of bacteriophages was carried out using two strains of S. enterica serovar Infantis, by the double-layer agar method. Lytic profiles were evaluated by the gout test. The stability of the bacteriophages was tested through the reduction of the phage titre, at refrigeration and freezing temperatures, with pH 5.5 and 7.2. We isolated a total of 27 bacteriophages. Evaluation against 38 Salmonella isolates from poultry and five different S. enterica serovars revealed seven bacteriophages with a broad host range. Stability tests of bacteriophages F6, F7M1, and F4M1B, showed that temperature and pH significantly influenced phage titer reduction and bacterial lysis, underscoring the importance of understanding bacteriophages stability conditions for successful application. The results highlight the potential use of these lytic bacteriophages in designing biocontrol products for the poultry industry.
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    Bioprospección de bacteriófagos líticos de Salmonella enterica multirresistente de origen avícola de la provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2023-09) Morales Cunalata, Katheryne Yolanda; Calero Cáceres, William Ricardo
    The use of bacteriophages has emerged as a promising alternative to address the antimicrobial resistance crisis, driven by the indiscriminate use of antibiotics in the poultry industry. This study isolated lytic bacteriophages specific to multi-resistant S. enterica of poultry origin in Tungurahua province from contaminated water sources and evaluated them based on their lytic profiles and low-temperature stability. Under the Microbiology and Biotechnology research line, the isolation and purification of bacteriophages was carried out using two strains of S. enterica serovar Infantis, by the double-layer agar method. Lytic profiles were evaluated by the gout test. The stability of the bacteriophages was tested through the reduction of the phage titre, at refrigeration and freezing temperatures, with pH 5.5 and 7.2. We isolated a total of 27 bacteriophages. Evaluation against 38 Salmonella isolates from poultry and five different S. enterica serovars revealed seven bacteriophages with a broad host range. Stability tests of bacteriophages F6, F7M1, and F4M1B, showed that temperature and pH significantly influenced phage titer reduction and bacterial lysis, underscoring the importance of understanding bacteriophages stability conditions for successful application. The results highlight the potential use of these lytic bacteriophages in designing biocontrol products for the poultry industry.