Maestría en Obras Hidráulicas

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Diseño de un sistema de riego, para implementarse en el Parque Ecológico Cachipamba, ubicado en el sector La Matriz del cantón Saquisilí, Provincia de Cotopaxi, bajo un sistema SUDS.
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Hidráulica con mención en Obras Hidráulicas., 2025) Pérez Moreno Diego Fernando; Bayas Altamirano Myriam Marisol
Linked to municipal water sources, the Cachipamba Ecological Park suffers from lack of water management due to climate change. The objective of this study is to propose a drip irrigation system integrated with Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) to optimally use water, reduce the amount of runoff and improve resilience to climate change with a certain case study model for an urban green space in a semi-arid area. Methods: The approach used in this thesis was mixed, including: (1) analysis of available hydrological series (1976-2017) to determine maximum rainfall and return periods; (2) hydraulic modeling of the irrigation system with a flow rate of 45.89 m3/h (90% efficiency); (3) design of a SUDS that had capacity for extreme events (180 mm/h) and; (4) social assessment, conducted through workshops with local community members and by interviewing community experts. Results: The system demonstrated: (a) 36.03% potable water savings with rainwater harvesting; (b) effective storm management for a 100-year return period; (c) irrigation coverage of 16.67 mm every three days. The SUDS infrastructure proved to be able to infiltrate 40% of the runoff and improve water quality (85% solids removal). Discussion and conclusions: The results confirm the success of integrated systems for sustainable water management in urban areas. Although continuous monitoring is necessary to observe and maintain biological parameters, the design outperforms conventional alternatives in terms of climate adaptability and efficiency. Future research will need to study the long-term impacts on biodiversity, as well as its replicability in other urban contexts.
Análisis de la valoración económica de las tarifas de agua potable de la Junta de Rubén Terán de la ciudad de Latacunga, Provincia de Cotopaxi, Ecuador.
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Hidráulica con mención en Obras Hidráulicas., 2025) Alpusig Jacho Luis Gonzalo; Castro Solorzano Fidel Alberto
This study addressed the economic valuation of drinking water tariffs in the Junta de Agua Potable de Rubén Terán, located in the city of Latacunga, province of Cotopaxi, Ecuador. The main purpose was to develop a fair, equitable and sustainable tariff plan, based on a detailed analysis of the real costs of production, treatment and distribution of water resources. The project arose from the need to update a tariff scheme that historically has not reflected real operating costs, which has compromised the financial sustainability of the system. The research was developed under a mixed approach, combining quantitative, qualitative and descriptive methods. Through field measurements, situational analysis, user surveys and documentary review, key information was gathered on the current state of the infrastructure, citizen perception, the level of losses in the network and the existing cost structure. The average inflow to the water treatment plant was established at 18.58 liters per second, using the floating object method. This data was essential for projecting demand and sizing the proposed tariff system. From the financial point of view, one of the main findings was the calculation of the Net Present Value (NPV), which reached a positive value of US$339.894,07 over a 10-year evaluation horizon, starting from an initial investment of US$64.879,50. This result indicates considerable profitability and evidences the economic viability of the project. The positive NPV demonstrates that, by applying a tariff scheme adjusted to xx real costs, not only is the recovery of the investment guaranteed, but also a significant surplus that can be used for system improvements and maintenance. The cost analysis considered three categories: administrative costs, operating and maintenance costs, and investment costs. The most significant costs were identified as being related to infrastructure maintenance and network losses, attributable in part to the lack of micro-metering, clandestine connections and an aging infrastructure. There was also evidence of a billing and collection gap that directly affects the Board's operational capacity. Based on these findings, a tariff plan was designed with a block approach by user category (residential and non-residential), following the guidelines of the Water Regulation and Control Agency (ARCA). For the residential category, four consumption blocks were established: basic (0-10 m³), medium (11-30 m³), high (31- 40 m³) and excessive (over 40 m³); and for the non-residential category, three blocks: basic (0-30 m³), medium (31-50 m³) and high (over 50 m³). This scheme makes it possible to assign progressive tariffs, encouraging responsible consumption and discouraging excessive use of the resource. Among the main conclusions of the study is that the current tariff structure does not cover the real costs of the service, which puts its sustainability at risk. The lack of micro-metering prevents equitable charging and contributes to the waste of the resource. It was concluded that the implementation of a new tariff scheme, based on actual consumption and technical costs, is essential to ensure the financial and operational viability of the system. In addition, it was recommended that internal governance be strengthened, citizen participation channels be improved, and education on efficient water use be reinforced. In summary, the study provided the technical and financial tools necessary for a tariff restructuring based on criteria of equity, sustainability and efficiency, to ensure access to drinking water as a human right and a vital resource for community development
Evaluación de tecnologías para el filtrado de las aguas pluviales en emprendimientos turísticos ecosostenibles: caso de estudio hotel y restaurante La Huerta
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Hidráulica con mención en Obras Hidráulicas., 2025) Sánchez Carranza César Jacobo; Chérrez Gavilanes Diego Sebastián
This research evaluates the technical, social, and environmental relevance of a rainwater harvesting and filtration system implemented at Hotel and Restaurant La Huerta, located in the province of Pastaza, Ecuador. Framed within an eco-sustainable tourism approach, the study aims to analyze the system’s operational efficiency, its acceptance by users and staff, and its viability as a replicable model in similar contexts. A mixed-methods methodology was applied, combining physicochemical and microbiological water analysis with qualitative techniques such as surveys, direct observation, and document review. The results show that the system significantly reduces turbidity and other physical contaminants, maintaining water quality within acceptable ranges for non-potable uses. From a qualitative perspective, the system received high ratings for both its environmental contribution and its alignment with the ecological identity of the establishment. One of the most noteworthy aspects was the integration of a pedagogical dimension, through environmental signage and informational materials that promote visitor awareness regarding responsible water resource management. This feature turns the system into not only a technical solution but also a tool for environmental education. The findings support the relevance of adopting this type of technology as part of sustainable tourism strategies, highlighting its ability to balance functionality, accessibility, and environmental coherence
Elaboración del plan de operación y mantenimiento de los drenajes de las vías intercantonales de mayor flujo de la provincia de Tungurahua
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Hidráulica con mención en Obras Hidráulicas., 2025) Sánchez Ana Gabriela; Arellano Barriga Alfonso Patricio
The present research proposes a comprehensive operation and maintenance plan for the drainage systems of the high-traffic inter-cantonal roads such us Ambato– Píllaro, Píllaro–Patate, Cevallos–Mocha, Cevallos–Pelileo, Pelileo–Patate, and Ambato–Cevallos in Tungurahua province. This plan includes activities, descriptions, objectives and scope, procedures, frequencies, labor requirements, materials, equipment, tools, units of measurement, verification and approval processes, as well as payment methods for each identified damage. Thus, this manual is designed to serve as a technical support tool for public and private entities, contractors, and inspectors involved in road management. Through the implementation of the operation and maintenance plan, the aim is to enhance the efficient management of public resources and promote the resilience of road infrastructure. As part of this research, the diagnostic phase is critical, involving field inspections of the high-traffic inter-cantonal roads Ambato–Píllaro, Píllaro–Patate, Cevallos– Mocha, Cevallos–Pelileo, Pelileo–Patate, and Ambato–Cevallos in Tungurahua province. Additionally, a technical datasheet is used for each road to assess the condition of existing drainage structures (ditches, culverts, grates, concrete boxes, ramps, among others). This datasheet includes variables such as drainage type, drainage condition, pavement surface condition, presence of obstructions, debris, sediments, stones, scour, siltation, and other relevant factors. The results will highlight the condition of the road drainage systems and the recurring issues due to inadequate maintenance and operation. Furthermore, the percentages of operation and maintenance required for each road are detailed, along with the frequent problems identified in the drainage systems, including siltation, obstruction by vegetation, cracks or fractures, structural deterioration, sediment accumulation, debris, clogged ditches, silted culverts, vehicle ramps blocked by sediment, concrete boxes filled with debris and sediment, and undersized drainage systems in vehicle ramps.
Elaboración de un plan hidráulico de contingencia para heladas en el proyecto de riego colectivo tecnificado Tunga – San Pedro, Acequia Mocha Huachi
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Hidráulica con mención en Obras Hidráulicas., 2025) Quinga Mayorga Christian Javier; Morales Fiallos Rodrigo Fabián
The objective of this study was to develop a hydraulic contingency plan for frost in the Tunga - San Pedro collective irrigation project, Acequia Mocha Huachi. The project is located at coordinates X: 765,500 Y: 9,849,000, has 125.67 ha distributed in 344 lots belonging to 216 families located in 10 irrigation sectors, of this area there are 8.50 ha (6.76%) without water use rights, 9.52 ha with drip irrigation (7.58%) and 107.65 ha (85.66%) with sprinkler irrigation. The proposal was to prepare: Cadastral update, hydraulic distribution diagrams, maps of ice-producing sites, maps of crops susceptible to frost, hydraulic simulation in IRRICAD and a proposal for opening hydrants. The hydraulic diagram defined an oversizing of the main pipeline, where, for the 9 irrigation sectors, a flow of 140.99 l/s can be carried by means of the operation of a 4,200 m3 buffer reservoir, while the operating flow rate is 56.33 l/s (282 sprinklers with a flow rate of 0.2 l/s). In addition, sector 10, which operates through a forebay, has an operating flow rate of 5 l/s (25 sprinklers). It is worth mentioning that, there are 65.75 ha that are susceptible to frost, said surface area is distributed mostly in sectors 2 and 10, in this sense, the ice-making lots are 153 (50.50%). In addition, the most susceptible crops (strawberry, corn, blackberry and potatoes) to frost are present in 26.94 ha (22.99%), moderately susceptible crops (peas, onions, fruit trees, beans and carrots) are found in 19.98 ha (17.05%) and the least susceptible crops (alfalfa, grass and fallow land) with 70.25 ha (59.96%). The hydraulic contingency plan for sectors 1 through 9 is to open 18 lots with a flow rate of 52.20 l/s, with 261 sprinklers operating simultaneously, covering 3.19 ha. For sector 10, the flow rate is 4.60 l/s, with 23 sprinklers operating simultaneously, and a surface area of 0.28 ha. The proposed hydraulic contingency plan is based on seven shifts for sectors 1 through 9 and 17 shifts for sector 10, each with 10-minute openings
Evaluación del potencial de energía hidrocinética para generación eléctrica en el río Mocha, provincia de Tungurahua, Ecuador
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Hidráulica con mención en Obras Hidráulicas., 2025) Palacios Carranza Alex Fabián; Contreras Vásquez Luis Felipe
This study addresses the sustainable utilization of the Mocha River’s water resource, located in Tungurahua Province, Ecuador, aiming to generate small-scale hydropower. Historical flow data from the Mocha-Quero-Ladrillos irrigation board were analyzed, revealing significant seasonal variations: maximum flows of 0.472 m³/s occur from March to June, while the minimum recorded flow is 0.273 m³/s in September. A gross head of 50 meters was determined, and through an analysis of friction losses and turbine selection, the Pelton turbine proved to be the most suitable for the local conditions. The hydraulic and electrical efficiencies were then calculated, resulting in an overall system efficiency of 72.9%. Using this efficiency, the effective power output was estimated on a monthly basis, ranging from 97.5 kW (in September) to 168.6 kW (from March to June). The findings demonstrate the technical and energetic feasibility of implementing a small hydropower station along the Mocha River. Furthermore, this project can enhance local electricity supply and promote rural sustainable development by efficiently and responsibly managing water use, as the diverted flow is returned to the irrigation canal after power generation. This integrated approach fosters diversification of the energy matrix and strengthens the region’s energy resilience.
Determinación de zonas urbanas de riesgo a inundaciones empleando modelos hidrológicos e hidráulicos en la quebrada Miraflores, cantón Guano, provincia de Chimborazo”.
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Hidráulica con mención en obras Hidráulicas, 2025) Gallardo Donoso. Lidia Jhoanna; Castro Solorzano Fidel Alberto
The present research addresses the identification of urban areas at risk of flooding in the Miraflores stream, Guano canton, Chimborazo province, using hydrological and hydraulic models. This region has experienced extreme rainfall events, such as the disaster on December 11, 2021, highlighting the need for preventive measures to mitigate future risks. The study follows a mixed approach, with a predominance of quantitative methods, and employs tools such as HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS to model flood scenarios. xviii Additionally, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and specialized software are integrated for geomorphological analysis and basin delineation. Meteorological data were collected from nearby stations (San Juan, Urbina, ESPOCH, and Guaslán), supplemented by data from the Guano station and satellite sources like NASA POWER. These data were processed and statistically validated using tests such as Kolmogórov-Smirnov. Subsequently, design flows for return periods of up to 50 years were estimated, and two-dimensional hydraulic simulations were performed. The results reveal that the basin's topography and deforestation in high areas exacerbate runoff, increasing flood risks in lower areas. The risk maps produced identify critical areas susceptible to flooding, and mitigation strategies are proposed, including reforestation and infrastructure improvement. This research significantly contributes to the analysis of flood risks in Guano, providing technical tools for water resource planning and management. Moreover, it establishes a robust methodological basis for future studies in similar basins, emphasizing the importance of integrating modern technologies and advanced modeling to reduce the impact of natural disasters.
Evaluación de dos Métodos de Sectorización y Turnos de Riego en el Sector Santa Lucía, del Cantón Tisaleo.
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Hidráulica con mención en Obras Hidráulicas., 2025-11-26) Aroca Farfán, David Israel; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
A comparative evaluation of two sectorization methods and turn of irrigation in the Santa Lucía sector, Tisaleo canton. The evaluated methods were block sectorization and modular sectorization, each with its advantages and disadvantages. Modular sectorization proved to be favorable in terms of flexibility and organization of irrigation scheduling, allowing for a more adaptable and staggered use of water resources. This approach facilitates a more homogeneous distribution of irrigation over time, optimizing system operation and reducing the risk of overloading the distribution network. Conversely, block sectorization enables the use of the total available flow in a single shift, as it involves a smaller number of plots irrigating simultaneously. This method can be advantageous in contexts where it is necessary to maximize the instantaneous use of water resources, or where the existing infrastructure is designed to operate at full capacity during specific intervals. The selection of the most appropriate sectorization method will depend on numerous factors specific to the operational and geographical context of the irrigation system. Key determining criteria include implementation and maintenance costs, the existing hydraulic infrastructure, the level of automation and available technology, as well as the agronomic and climatic characteristics of the area.
Análisis comparativo entre metodologías clásicas y el software Climatol para la estimación de series pluviométricas en la cuenca del río Paute.
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Hidráulica con mención en Obras Hidráulicas., 2025-11-26) López Cáceres, Carlos David; Castro Solórzano, Fidel Alberto
This thesis presents a comparative analysis between classical estimation methods and a computational software package named as CLIMATOL for filling missing rainfall data, with a focus on the Paute River basin. The study evaluates four conventional techniques commonly used in hydrology—Arithmetic Mean, Interpolation, Linear Regression, and Normal Ratio—comparing their performance against that of a software used to determine the precipitation CLIMATOL. The core methodology involved applying each technique to datasets with simulated missing values and comparing the resulting estimations using statistical metrics such as Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and the Coefficient of Determination (R²). The results demonstrate that CLIMATOL outperform classical methods in terms of accuracy and adaptability, particularly in scenarios characterized by complex patterns of climatic variability. Nevertheless, the study concludes that, although CLIMATOL show significant advantages, their application requires careful consideration of the climatic and geographical characteristics of the study area. Factors such as seasonality, relative altitude, and the spatial distribution of meteorological stations directly influence the quality of the estimations. Therefore, it is recommended to use CLIMATOL as a complement to classical methods, integrating expert knowledge of the local hydrological context.
Utilización de HEC-RESSIM para simulación de escenarios de operación del embalse de la presa Mulacorral para la determinación de estrategias para el manejo integrado del recurso hídrico.
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Hidráulica con mención en Obras Hidráulicas., 2025-11-26) Rojas Paz, Sandra Narcisa; Maldonado Narváez, Lenin Rafael
This study aimed to optimize the operation of the Mulacorral reservoir (Ecuador) by simulating scenarios using HEC-ResSim software to determine strategies for the integrated and sustainable management of water resources. The methodology combined GIS analysis and a Digital Elevation Model to characterize the Mulacorral micro-basin (34.05 km²), which features steep slopes (35.71%) and high drainage density (5.04 km/km²) that contribute to a rapid hydrological response. Using daily precipitation data (2018), inflow hydrographs were generated with HEC-HMS, which were then used as input for an HEC-ResSim model configured with control points for hydropower generation, irrigation, and ecological flow. The results indicate that under average conditions, the system successfully met 95.6% of multisectoral demands (15 m³/s for power generation, 8 m³/s for irrigation, and 1.2 m³/s for ecological flow). The model proved robust, with coefficients of determination (R²) above 0.85 and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) values above 0.75. Thirty-two critical events were identified, most notably on May 26, 2018, when a peak inflow of 50,800 m³/s was managed through a controlled discharge of 41,729 m³/s, preventing overflow and demonstrating the reservoir’s flood attenuation capacity. Nevertheless, these events highlighted the system’s vulnerability under extreme conditions. In conclusion, HEC-ResSim is an effective tool for decision-making in the operation of Andean reservoirs. The simulation supported the proposal of more flexible and proactive operating rules, aligned with the principles of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM). To enhance system resilience, it is recommended to incorporate short-term meteorological forecasts, upgrade real-time telemetry networks, and implement conservation measures in the basin (reforestation, terracing). Future research should integrate optimization algorithms and climate change scenarios to refine operational strategies.
Evaluación de los procesos actuales y propuesta alternativa mediante el uso de microorganismos para el tratamiento de las aguas residuales producidas por el Hospital General Docente Ambato
(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil. Maestría con mención en Obras Hidráulicas, 2025-11-26) Jácome Villacrés Jorge Santiago; Bayas Altamirano Myriam Marisol
This research project is conducted at the Ambato General Teaching Hospital, the largest and most complex healthcare facility in the central region of Ecuador. The study focuses on evaluating the current hospital wastewater treatment system, which exhibits significant deficiencies in meeting the permissible limits established by the prevailing environmental regulations (TULSMA Book VI, Annex 1, 2015). The wastewater generated by the hospital originates from various critical sources such as boilers, hemodialysis units, laundry services, isolation wards, and laboratories, resulting in a mixture of highly hazardous chemical and biological contaminants. Despite having a treatment plant with a capacity of 300 m³/day, laboratory analyses reveal that the treated effluents fail to comply with regulatory parameters, posing an environmental risk to the Ambato River and its ecosystems. To address this issue, a biological treatment alternative is proposed through the inoculation of a bacterial consortium composed of Bacillus subtilis, Azotobacter Vinelandii, and Pseudomonas fluorescens. These bacteria have demonstrated high efficiency in removing contaminants such as BOD₅, COD, sulfides, and surfactants. The treatment process includes bacterial maturation, forced aeration, optimized clarification, and disinfection using chlorine dioxide. The results show a significant improvement in the quality of the treated water, meeting most of the discharge limits for both sewer systems and freshwater bodies. It is concluded that the proposed solution is technically and operationally feasible, and its permanent implementation is recommended, along with improvements in sedimentation and disinfection infrastructure, training of operational personnel, and continuous monitoring of critical parameters. This study provides a sustainable and replicable solution for hospital wastewater treatment, with potential applicability in other healthcare facilities across the country.
Análisis hidrológico e hidráulico para la identificación de zonas de inundaciones en el área urbana del cantón Ambato e integrar estrategias de mitigación
(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil. Maestría con mención en Obras Hidráulicas, 2025-12-02) Mestanza Orellana Jessica Beatriz; Castro Solorzano Fidel Alberto
The purpose of this study was to identify flood-prone areas in the urban zone of Ambato, Ecuador, and to propose mitigation methods that could be implemented to reduce associated hazards. A quantitative methodology was employed, combining the HEC-HMS hydrological model, calibrated with Provincial Government of Tungurahua data (2013–2024), and the HECRAS 2D hydraulic model to simulate an extreme event with a 50-year return period, using an 11-year weighted series of hydrometeorological data. The research relied exclusively on secondary data and did not involve human participants. The results identified a flood-prone area of 72.77 hectares, 55.6% of which was classified with “Very High” or “High” hazard levels. Additionally, an exposed population of 13,098 inhabitants and a peak flow of 33.00 m3/s were observed; spatial analysis further revealed critical road segments and infrastructure at elevated risk. The study demonstrates that the combined use of properly calibrated hydraulic and hydrological models is effective for accurately identifying flood-prone areas, and that hybrid strategies integrating gray and green infrastructure represent the most feasible and robust approach to reducing overall risk in Ambato’s urban environment.
Evaluación de riego automatizado por aspersión mediante la utilización de sensores de humedad en el cultivo de alfalfa, proyecto Tunga
(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil. Maestría con mención en Obras Hidráulicas, 2025-12-02) Oto Umaginga Washington Freddy; Muyulema Muyulema Danny Germán
The objective of this study was to evaluate automated sprinkler irrigation using moisture sensors in alfalfa crops within the Tunga project. The trial plot is located at coordinates X: 765,616 Y: 9,849,376. The proposal was to conduct soil studies, calibration of moisture sensors, statistical analysis of response variables, a water use efficiency analysis (kg/m3), and an economic analysis. For this study, an alfalfa plot with four replicates (1 m2 quadrants) for two moisture loss percentages (T1: 50% and T2: 75%) and a T3 (control) were used. The response variables were yield (kg/ha) for a total of two intercutting intervals and water consumption (m3) between cuts. The experimental design was a "Completely Randomized Design" (CRD) in 732 m2 experimental units with six pressure-regulated sprinklers for each treatment and an irrigation controller with two moisture sensors, one per treatment. The results of the soil analysis were: sandy loam texture, moisture content at field capacity (F.C.) 12.37%, moisture content at permanent wilting point 7.4% and apparent density 1.52 g / cc. The calculations defined that the Usable Water Layer (UWL) or the initial point for F.C. was 22.66 mm at 30 cm depth, thus, for the moisture losses of T1: 50% and T2: 75% the values were 11.33 and 5.67 mm, respectively and the calibrations of the moisture sensors responded to these values 22.66 mm or 15 centibars, 11.33 mm or 30-35 centibars and 5.67 mm or 60-65 centibars. The results of the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA-Turkey 5%) for the yield variable were T1 (2.07 kg/m2), T2 (2.08 kg/m2) and T3 (2.18 kg/m2), which are statistically similar. Water consumption of the control T3 (188.88 m3) was higher than T1 (169.19 m3) and T2 (161.22 m3). Humidity sensors, in addition to irrigation automation, were a strategic ally in saving water. In reference to water use efficiency, T1 was the most efficient with 22.63 Kg/m3, in second place is T2 with 22.55 Kg/m3 and T3 with 20.29 Kg/m3. The most economical treatments were T1 (USD 0.30/month) and T2 (USD 0.30/month), while T3 (USD 0.35/month) was the most expensive, in this sense, it is concluded that the use of water without controlling soil moisture generates waste and economic losses.
Análisis de la implementación de SUDS para el control del agua pluvial y mejora del paisajismo urbano del parque y la plaza de Quisapincha, cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua.
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Hidráulica con mención en Obras Hidráulicas., 2025-12-03) Cerezo Pachucho, Joyce Elizabeth; Guevara Robalino, Jorge Javier
This research analyzes the feasibility of implementing components of a Sustainable Urban Drainage System (SUDS) in the park and plaza of the Quisapincha parish to control surface runoff and improve the landscaping of these areas. This was achieved through the modeling of prototypes using the SWMM 5.2 software, which reflects the flow behavior throughout the system based on the area's precipitation. Data collection was carried out using a mixed-methods approach, emphasizing research through academic digital sources, field observations, consultations with INAMHI to obtain hydrometeorological information, topographic surveys, and tests. The data was then analyzed using open-source software to obtain valid and comparable data. The results highlight the importance of implementing a SUDS in areas prone to rainwater stagnation, as this solution allows for the filtration, retention, storage, and infiltration of precipitation. This research presents an alternative for stormwater management without neglecting ecological value, even allowing for water reuse. Furthermore, it establishes a foundation for future research on implementing other components of a Sustainable Urban Drainage System (SUDS), depending on the area's location and climatic conditions. It highlights the importance of implementing sustainable measures to reduce natural disasters caused by rapid urbanization.
Monitoreo y evaluación de parámetros de calidad de agua obtenidos por la Internet de las cosas (IoT) para la planta de tratamiento de agua potable el carrizal, perteneciente a la parroquia San Miguel, del Cantón Salcedo, provincia de Cotopaxi
(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil. Maestría con mención en Obras Hidráulicas, 2025-12-04) Santamaría Masapuncho Alvaro Hernán; Bayas Altamirano Myriam Marisol
The present study evaluated the implementation of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based system for the continuous monitoring of water quality parameters at the El Carrizal treatment plant, located in the Salcedo canton, Cotopaxi province, Ecuador. The IoT architecture was designed in three layers perception, network, and application and integrated pH, turbidity, and residual chlorine sensors, along with Arduino Mega and NodeMCU ESP8266 modules for data acquisition, processing, and transmission. Results showed an acceptable correspondence between IoT and traditional manual measurements, with mean relative errors below 17% and positive correlations across all monitored parameters. The pH exhibited the highest stability (ERM = 1.22%), while turbidity and residual chlorine displayed minor discrepancies attributable to sensitivity and calibration conditions. The system achieved an operational availability of 97.3%, with an average energy consumption of 104.6 W and a latency of 3.2 seconds, confirming its technical feasibility and energy efficiency. These findings position the IoT system as a sustainable, low-cost, and replicable alternative to strengthen water quality management in rural treatment facilities, contributing to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) and 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure).
Diseño y análisis de estrategias de drenaje sostenible integrando SUDS y alcantarillado tradicional en el cerro Casigana para minimizar inundaciones en la Av. Manuela Sáenz
(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil. Maestría con mención en Obras Hidráulicas, 2025-12-05) Amaya Díaz Ana María; Castro Solórzano Fidel Alberto
This thesis designs and assesses Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) integrated with the conventional sewer along Cerro Casigana–Av. Manuela Sáenz (Ambato, Ecuador) to reduce urban flooding. Using hydrologic analysis (Rational Method), thematic mapping, and NDVI-based indirect infiltration diagnostics, the study finds prevailing bare soil (55.82%) and sparse vegetation (28.07%), which increase runoff towards lower areas. A scenario comparison shows that SUDS + sewer (French drain, hydrodynamic separator, functional revegetation) reduces sewer inflow by ~30% (from 1.56 to 1.09 m³/s at I=60.50 mm/h), thus mitigating overflow risks and O&M loads. The integrated approach proves feasible and scalable for similar urban settings in Ambato; a phased implementation and performance monitoring are recommended.
Efecto de los sedimentos sobre las características hidnáulicas del canal de riego Ambato-Huachi-Pelileo
(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil. Maestría con mención en Obras Hidráulicas, 2025-12-05) Freire Lara Jorge David; Arellano Barriga Alfonso Patricio
This study quantified the effect of sedimentation on the hydraulic cha¡acteristics of the Ambato-Huachi-Pelileo irrigation canal through geometric and hydraulic analysis at six sampling points. Topographic surveys were conducted using aLeica TS02 total station and Trimble R8s differential GPS, determining the effective flow area, mean velocity by float method, Manning's coefficient, and water depth for each section. Results were validated through one-dimensional modeling in HEC-RAS 6.3.1. Sedimentation progressively reduced the effective flow area by 40% (from 1.25 rñ to 0.75 m2), increased the roughness coefficient by 43.8% (from 0.016 to 0.023), and deueased flowvelocity by 26.7% (from 0.90 m/s to 0.66 m/s). A second-degree polynomial relationship was established between Manning's coefficient and mean velocity (R' : 0.9598), confirming that increased roughness leads to proportional velocity decrease. Additionally, a linear relationship was identified between effective area reduction and water depth elevation (R3 : 0.9988). These models constitute predictive tools for Andean inigation canal management, enabling anticipation of hydraulic capacity losses and preventive maintenance planning based on quantitative indicators measurable through low-cost methods replicable by community operators.
Simulación y modelación del arrastre de sedimentos de la cuenca de rio toachi para la operación y mantenimiento de la central hidroeléctrica hidrotoapi
(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil. Maestría con mención en Obras Hidráulicas, 2025-12-09) Criollo Chango Juan Carlos; Peñafiel Valla Lourdes Gabriela
There is currently an alteration of the hydro-sedimentological regime in the Toachi River basin (Ecuador), caused by the operation of the Hidrotoapi Hydroelectric Power Plant, generating erosion processes downstream and silting of the reservoir that compromise the sustainability of the infrastructure. Objective: to simulate and model sediment transport in order to optimize the operation and maintenance of the plant. Methodology: A quantitative approach based on numerical modeling with HEC-RAS software (version 6.7) was used, employing a coupled 1D and 2D approach to simulate hydrodynamics and sediment transport. The model was calibrated and validated with historical data on flow (1964-2006), topography, bathymetry, and granulometry of the basin. Results: Sediment dynamics were accurately characterized, identifying that the Toachi River contributes a significantly higher load of 20,656 tons, compared to the Sarapullo tributary, which contributes 10,932 tons, and that the retention efficiency of the reservoir is 76.3%. Critical areas of accumulation in the reservoir were also identified, with thicknesses of up to 2.2 meters, as well as erosion in the main channel, with scouring reaching -2.5 meters. In addition, the simulation of a mitigation measure, such as a wall dam, demonstrated its effectiveness in reducing the magnitude of morphological changes and the density of active erosion and deposition zones. Conclusion: The study validates the hypothesis by demonstrating that modeling with HEC-RAS software is a robust tool for diagnosing and predicting sediment dynamics. The findings allow for the proposal of operational management strategies, such as the optimization of sediment purges and the protection of critical slopes, which contribute to prolonging the useful life of the plant and ensuring its energy and environmental sustainability, offering a model applicable to similar infrastructures in Andean basins.
Monitoreo y evaluación de parámetros de calidad de agua obtenidos por la Internet de las cosas (IoT) para la planta de tratamiento de agua potable el carrizal, perteneciente a la parroquia San Miguel, del Cantón Salcedo, provincia de Cotopaxi
(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil. Maestría con mención en Obras Hidráulicas, 2025-12-11) Santamaría Masapuncho Alvaro Hernán; Bayas Altamirano Myriam Marisol
The present study evaluated the implementation of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based system for the continuous monitoring of water quality parameters at the El Carrizal treatment plant, located in the Salcedo canton, Cotopaxi province, Ecuador. The IoT architecture was designed in three layers perception, network, and application and integrated pH, turbidity, and residual chlorine sensors, along with Arduino Mega and NodeMCU ESP8266 modules for data acquisition, processing, and transmission. Results showed an acceptable correspondence between IoT and traditional manual measurements, with mean relative errors below 17% and positive correlations across all monitored parameters. The pH exhibited the highest stability (ERM = 1.22%), while turbidity and residual chlorine displayed minor discrepancies attributable to sensitivity and calibration conditions. The system achieved an operational availability of 97.3%, with an average energy consumption of 104.6 W and a latency of 3.2 seconds, confirming its technical feasibility and energy efficiency. These findings position the IoT system as a sustainable, low-cost, and replicable alternative to strengthen water quality management in rural treatment facilities, contributing to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) and 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure).
Evaluación del impacto de sistemas de biorretención en el malecón Boayacu Puyo etapa I de la ciudad del Puyo, como solución sostenible para el manejo de aguas lluvias
(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil. Maestría con mención en Obras Hidráulicas, 2025-12-11) Ramón Maldonado Thalía Belén; Morales Fiallos Fabián Rodrigo
The accelerated urban growth and climate change effects have intensified runoff and flooding issues in Puyo City. This research evaluates the efficiency of bioretention systems implemented in Stage I of the Malecón Boayacu as a sustainable alternative for stormwater management. The main objective was to analyze the hydrological and environmental impact of these green infrastructures in reducing runoff and improving water quality. A mixed-methods approach was applied, combining quantitative analysis (EPA SWMM hydrological modeling and laboratory water tests) with qualitative techniques (surveys and interviews with 70 residents and local authorities). Results indicate that bioretention systems reduced runoff volumes by up to 80% and improved water quality by 60% in heavy metals and 70% in turbidity, confirming their effectiveness in tropical rainfall conditions. The discussion emphasizes the adaptation of design criteria to local clay soils and the importance of community-based environmental education. A replicable green infrastructure model is proposed, integrating technical performance, landscape design, and citizen participation. It is concluded that bioretention is a viable tool for building climate resilience in Amazonian cities, enhancing urban stormwater management, environmental health, and residents’ quality of life