Browsing by Author "Aules Ojeda Lilian Lourdes"

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    Modelación hidrodinámica bidimensional para el diagnóstico espacial de la dispersión del contaminante en el río Anzu, cantón Carlos Julio Arosemena Tola, provincia de Napo
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Maestría en Hidráulica con mención en Obras Hidráulicas, 2026-08-12) Aules Ojeda Lilian Lourdes; Paredes Beltrán Bolívar Eduardo; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Maestría en Hidráulica con mención en Obras Hidráulicas
    Heavy metal contamination is one of the major threats to water resource quality in mining-influenced watersheds due to its persistence, mobility, and adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems and human health. In this context, this research aimed to analyze the hydrodynamic behavior and spatial dispersion of lead (Pb) along a 1.78 km reach of the Anzu River to evaluate the influence of hydraulic dynamics on contaminant transport and to provide scientific information for water resource management. The study integrated hydrological modeling using HEC-HMS and two-dimensional hydraulic modeling with HEC-RAS 2D, coupled with an advection–dispersion model to simulate lead transport. Design discharges were estimated for return periods of 25, 50, and 100 years, yielding flow rates of 159.4 m³/s, 188.6 m³/s, and 216.8 m³/s, respectively. Spatial variations in flow velocity, water depth, and lead concentration were evaluated and complemented by an environmental impact zoning analysis. The results demonstrated a progressive decrease in Pb concentration in the downstream direction, governed by advection, dispersion, dilution, and sedimentation processes. The simulated lead concentration at the model inflow point was 0.000159 mg/L, representing an approximate 99.12% reduction compared with the value reported in 2021 (0.018 mg/L). The spatial zoning identified river sections with different levels of environmental impact, leading to the conclusion that river hydrodynamics control contaminant transport and that the cessation of mining activities does not ensure the immediate recovery of water quality due to the persistence of lead within the fluvial system. Based on these findings, the implementation of an integrated hydrological, hydraulic, and water quality management tool based on HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS is proposed to strengthen the monitoring and management of lead (Pb) contamination in the Yurasyacu–Anzu river system.