Diagnóstico de la infección de Helicobacter pylori mediante pruebas no invasivas y su relación con los factores de riesgo en estudiantes de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative bacteria. Worldwide, 50% of the population is infected. There is a wide variation in the prevalence of infection among various countries. The highest prevalence can be observed in developing countries. development in Latin America, Mexico leads the list of H. pylori infection with 70-90%, while Ecuador claims to have a prevalence of 65%. The objective of this study was to analyze stool and blood samples from students of the Faculty of Health Sciences of the Technical University of Ambato, with the purpose of establishing the prevalence of H. pylori infection. The research was a cross-sectional descriptive observational study, where 50 stool samples were analyzed by immunochromatography to determine antigens and the blood sample by Chemiluminescence (CLIA) to determine IgG and IgM antibodies. In addition, information was collected through a survey and its results were analyzed using tables and graphs through the IBM SPSS Statistics 25 program. Of the 50 samples obtained, 28 were positive for H. pylori, since they turned out to be reactive samples both in the determination of antigen in feces as antibodies in serum. In determining risk factors, a positive correlation between H. pylori-positive patients and gastrointestinal symptoms was considered with a value of 0.707 (Spearman). It was concluded that the prevalence of H. pylori infection was 56.0% in students of the Faculty of Health Sciences.