Simulación de conatos de incendio en almacenes de calzado de poliuretano utilizando ignífugos inorgánicos

Abstract

Currently, a significant increase has been observed in the number of fires that especially affect commercial footwear stores, without effective preventive measures being adopted to reduce possible losses. A simulation of a polyurethane footwear warehouse was carried out using the Consolidated Model of Fire and Smoke Transport (CFAST) software and the SmokView smoke viewer. To have a point of comparison, the fire scenario was first modeled without implementing any prevention or control measures. Then, a second fire scenario was simulated by designing a water sprinkler system in the enclosure room with the highest thermal load following the UNE 12845 standard and the NFPA 13 standard. Afterwards, to check the effectiveness of the smoke removal and the temperature of the fire in the premises, an inorganic fire retardant based on Mg(OH)2 was used in the feed water of the Sprinklers system, modifying the Heat Growth Curve (CCC) by 18%. Do the results indicate a smoke saturation time of 1510sec and an enclosure temperature of 34°C at 34 seconds without a fire protection system. In the simulation of a water-based firefighting system, the following were determined: a) the smoke saturation time in all rooms at 67 seconds, b) the time necessary to cool the room was 1500 seconds. to reach 34°C. Finally, the fire simulation using the fire retardant reduced the cooling time of the room by 22.56% until it reached a cold temperature of 35 °C. The simulation was carried out for the city of Ambato, at an altitude of 2560 m, with a temperature of 16 °C, a pressure of 97172.02 Pa, a relative humidity of 65% and a limit amount of oxygen of 15%.