Riesgo químico en el proceso de pintura de la empresa Carrocería Mega Santa Cruz

Abstract

During the auto painting process, the problem of chemical exposure arises due to the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released during the manipulation and use of hazardous substances in various stages. In these circumstances, workers may develop illnesses from these exposures. One of the research objectives was to evaluate the chemical risks associated with the painting process at the company CARROCERÍA MEGA SANTA CRUZ. The research was conducted with a quantitative focus, quantifying the level of chemical risks to which workers are exposed due to the presence of VOCs and particulate matter in the painting area. The following standards were used for the identification, estimation, and measurement of chemical risks: UNE-EN 689: 2019+AC, 0500 and 0600 of NIOSH, 8260 from EPA, NTP 937, and NTP 20. For measurement, a personal sampling pump and a vacuum pump for aqueous mediums were used. The main results of the chemical risk evaluation in the area show the presence of VOCs, including: benzene (0.173 mg/m³, below the VLA-ED of 0.2 mg/m³), toluene (199.2 mg/m³, above the VLA-ED of 192 mg/m³), ethylbenzene (47 mg/m³, below the VLA-ED of 435 mg/m³), and xylene (169 mg/m³, below the VLA-ED of 221 mg/m³). Additionally, the levels of particulate matter were PM10 at 24.9 mg/m³ and PM2.5 at 12.9 mg/m³, exceeding the VLA-ED of 10 mg/m³ and 3 mg/m³, respectively, additionally, a paint booth was proposed, from which 144300 m3/h are extracted from the painting area. Consequently, it was concluded that workers are exposed to chemical risks, particularly from toluene and particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5). Despite the current protocols implemented by the companies, they have not been able to improve the conditions of inadequate exposure, which could negatively affect the health of future workers during the auto painting process.