Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistente a los carbapenémicos antes y durante la pandemia, una revisión en Latinoamérica

Abstract

Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative aerobic bacillus, negative for glucose and lactose fermentation. It is commonly isolated from the environment, including contaminated water, in the community, and also in healthcare settings. The purpose of this study is to collect information of the distribution of genes conferring carbapenem resistance in Latin America. Methods: This is a literature reviews that conducted from January 2016 to April 2023. Databases such as PubMed, Scielo, Elsevier, Google Scholar, BioMed Central (BMC), and official databases from each country were utilized to collect data on the frequency of P. aeruginosa. Results: A total of 35 articles were analyzed, finding that Peru reports over 65% of carbapenem resistance in P. aeruginosa. Statistical analysis using the t-Student identified that Ecuador, Argentina, Colombia, Peru, Paraguay, Venezuela, Nicaragua, Brazil, and Chile show a statistically significant difference (p≤0.05) over the years. In addition, the genes identified in Latin America that confer resistance to carbapenems are 𝑏𝑙𝑎𝐼𝑀𝑃 , 𝑏𝑙𝑎𝑉𝐼𝑀, 𝑏𝑙𝑎𝑁𝐷𝑀, 𝑏𝑙𝑎𝐺𝐸𝑆 , 𝑏𝑙𝑎𝐾𝑃𝐶, 𝑏𝑙𝑎𝑂𝑋𝐴 y 𝑏𝑙𝑎𝑆𝑃𝑀. Conclusions: It was identified that the prevalence of this microorganism has increased before and during the pandemic in Latin America, probably due to the indiscriminate use of antibiotics as empirical therapy in respiratory infections.