Indices aterogénicos como predictores del síndrome metabólico una revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

The metabolic syndrome leads to cardiovascular diseases and type II diabetes mellitus. For its laboratory diagnosis, atherogenic indices have been proposed that allow a more detailed lipid profile. To describe the main atherogenic indices that allow prediction of metabolic syndrome. A comprehensive search and review was conducted in Medline, Pubmed, SciELO, EMBASE, Lilacs, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases. The 29 articles of greatest relevance and novelty were selected. Atherogenic indices constitute the quantitative expression of the link between clinical and metabolic expressions of lipid fractions. Ten indices have been described so far and any of them is effective in diagnosing the risk of atherosclerosis; the most used is that of Castelli I. Certain risk factors influence its predictive value. The atherogenic indices allow prediction of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases and their possible complications once the disease is established, they also help reduce the use of expensive and invasive diagnostic means and guide therapeutic management. The atherogenic index of plasma has increased its use, especially in the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome and as a guide for treatment. Atherogenic indices are surrogate markers for predicting the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes; Their use should be expanded to reinforce and/or replace diagnostic means and serve as indicators of therapeutic procedures. It is requested to insert its use and monitoring in routine clinical practice.