Riesgo ergonómico derivado del teletrabajo en docentes del distrito 18D04 de San Pedro de Pelileo

Abstract

Teleworking due to the global health emergency due to COVID-19, generates musculoskeletal ailments in teachers of educational institutions. Therefore, the objective of the research is to evaluate the ergonomic risks derived from teleworking in teachers.

The research is explanatory, which includes 125 teachers belonging to District 18D04 of San Pedro de Pelileo – Tungurahua – Ecuador. For the determination of ergonomic risks, the ROSA method was used, using a questionnaire validated with expert judgment (0.96), whose reliability was calculated using Küder – Richardson (0.87) and Cronbach's Alpha (0.73). For the symptomatology of pain, the Nordic questionnaire was used.

The results obtained from the ROSA method determine that 20% of the jobs evaluated do not have the ergonomic conditions necessary to develop teleworking; Likewise, it was evidenced that the body segments that most affected the study sample were: neck (85.5%), shoulders (77.5%), lumbar region (76.1%), dorsal region (73.3%) hands and wrists (27%). The ergonomic factors with the greatest significance in the generation of pain symptoms based on the calculation of the relative risk correspond to: long days of teleworking > 8 hours a day (2.81), age > 40 years (1.3), work stress (2.4), disergonomic furniture (1.34) and prolonged use of the mouse (1.4).

Finally, it is concluded that all the respondents presented musculoskeletal ailments in at least one body segment due to teleworking, with the dorsal and lumbar region being the most affected.