Efecto de forraje de moringa, de semilla de sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) Y Acacia mearnsii en la fermentación y ecología microbiana ruminal

Abstract

The effect of the inclusion of the seed of Sacha Inchi, forage of Moringa oleifera and Acacia mearnsii in the diet of sheep on fermentation and rumen microbial ecology was determined. The research was developed at the Querocha campus of the Universidad Tecnica de Ambato. Five treatments were evaluated: T1; (Moringa 40%- 60% fodder), T2; (sacha inchi 40%- fodder 60%), T3; (Acacia 40%- fodder 60%), T4; (Moringa 30%, Sacha inchi 30%, Acacia 30% y fodder 10%), under a Latin square design (5x5). The rumen degradation of the Dry Matter, Apparent digestibility of the Dry Matter and Production of gas, methane and carbon dioxide were evaluated. The soluble fraction (A) was higher (P = 0.0001) in the T2 treatment (41.2%), in the insoluble but potentially degradable fraction (B) no differences were observed between the evaluated treatments (P = 0.1602). The degradation rate in% per hour (c) was higher (P = 0.0001) in T1. The potential for A + B degradation was higher (P = 0.0006) in T2 (77.6%). The effective degradation at the different passage rates 0.02, 0.05 and 0.08 k was higher (P = 0.0001) in T1 (65.1, 56.8 and 52.3% respectively). DM digestibility was higher (P = 0.0001) in T5 (53.7). The production of gas, CH4 and CO2 was lower (P = 0.0001) in treatments T1 and T2. Holotric and Entodinomorphic protozoa populations at 12 hours did not show significant differences between treatments (P = 0.9438 and P = 0.1242 respectively). At 24 hours, the Holotric protozoa population was lower (P=0.0010) in T3 and T5. However, the population of Entodinomorphic protozoa did not show differences (P=0.1082) between treatments. Under the conditions of this study, it can be concluded that the inclusion of Moringa oleifera, Plukenetia volubilis and Acacia mearnsii forage in the diet of ruminants, reduces the production of greenhouse gases and the population of rumen protozoa.