“Caracterización fisicoquímica y bacteriológica de las aguas de la laguna de limpiopungo de la zona central del Ecuador”

Abstract

The Limpiopungo Lagoon is a tourist attraction of the Cotopaxi National Park, in the place it is possible to make walks and enjoy the associated flora and fauna, the presence of two threatened species should be highlighted: the condor of the Andes, and the Andean bandurria, For the preservation of this lagoon, it is necessary to know what physical chemical and bacteriological characteristics its waters present, which is why this research raises the topic “Physicochemical and bacteriological characterization of the waters of the Limpiopungo Lagoon of the central zone of Ecuador”, with the purpose of physicochemical characterization of the waters of the Limpiopungo Lagoon. With a quantitative approach used to measure physical-chemical parameters obtaining concrete data, these figures allowed to know the water quality index, the quantification of the colonies of existing bacteria in 100 milliliters of water from the Limpiopungo Lagoon was found with the use of 3M Petrifilm, the samples were taken four times twice (morning and afternoon) in six different places. For the identification of bacteria of sanitary importance in the samples cultures were carried out using chromogen-enriched agar agents such as the EMB that allowed to show a variation of the coloration, which makes the research also qualitative. The procedures of sampling, handling and conservation of water are regulated according to Technical Standard: Nte INEN 2169: 2013, in the investigation each literal was applied rigorously. An identification process was carried out through the application of cultures and biochemical tests, contributing to the recognition of six strains, later inoculated, with the purpose of evaluating their behavior against 9 antibiotics (SAM, IMP, CTX, CN, AK, TE , OFX, F, SXT), determining 100% sensitive Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella Ozaenae strains; Klebsiella rhinoescleromatis and Enterobacter cloacae, had a 89% sensitivity; intermediate resistance of the Escherichia coli strain against Nitrofurantoin (F); Serratia marcescens a resistant bacterial response to Ampicillin + sulbactam (SAM) and Nitrofurantoin (F) was observed. Through the Water Quality Index, it is considered that the waters of the Limpiopungo Lagoon are acceptable to the population, placing it in a range of 95%.