Determinación de la presencia de genes de resistencia a antibióticos emergentes en aislados de escherichia coli en caninos de la ciudad de Ambato

Abstract

The aim of this research was the identification of the presence of emerging antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in E. coli isolates from canines, using the multiplex PCR technique. The study was screened between January and March of 2018, in canine samples from veterinary clinics in Ambato, Tungurahua, Ecuador. Rectal swabs was collected from 148 canine samples. According to clinical origin, were 68 healthy canine samples, 40 with gastrointestinal diseases, 11 respiratory diseases, 13 dermatological diseases, 2 metabolic diseases and 14 with other conditions. According with their origin, 105 canines were domestic and 43 stray dogs. We isolated 114 strains of E. coli resistant to ceftriaxone from 61 animals. Later, multiplex PCR was performed (7 ARGs) to antibiotics of interest in veterinary medicine and public health were evaluated (blaKPC, blaNDM, blaIMP, blaOXA-48, mcr-1, sul1 y tetA). From 41.21% of sampled animals (61/148; 95% CI: 33-48), E. coli strains with ceftriaxone resistance phenotype were isolated. Using the multiplex PCR technique, 6.14% (I.C 95% 1.7-10) of strains of E. coli was carrying the mcr-1 gene. No positive amplifications of carbapenemase producing genes were detected. Additionally, 29.82% of isolates (I.C. 95% 21-37) presents the sulfonamide resistance gene sul1, and 55.26% of isolates (95% CI 46-64) has the tetracycline resistance gene tetA. Isolates of E. coli mcr-1 positive were isolated in healthy dogs and with canine distemper; as well as domestic and street animals. It is necessary to complement the present investigation, in order to detect the routes of dissemination of the clones carrying the mcr-1 gene, and to evaluate if there is any kind of clonal relationship between clinical and veterinary isolates carrying this gene and the isolates obtained in the present study.