Manejo nutricional en parálisis cerebral infantil. Un estudio de revisión

Abstract

The nutritional management in infantile cerebral palsy (ICP) is essential to improve the nutritional status and quality of life of affected children. This review focuses on providing a detailed update on the nutritional management in children with ICP, evaluating effective interventions and discussing strategies to improve feeding and nutrition in this patient group. ICP is a chronic neurological condition that affects motor development, posture, and balance in children, which can result in complications related to feeding and nutrition, negatively impacting growth, cognitive development, and immune function. Common feeding difficulties include dysphagia, lack of coordination in sucking and swallowing, oral hypersensitivity, and lack of interest in feeding. The review is based on a systematic search of scientific literature published between 2010 and 2023 in English or Spanish, evaluating the methodological quality of the selected studies and synthesizing relevant data in a narrative review. Effective nutritional interventions are discussed, such as tube feeding, modification of food texture and consistency, and swallowing therapy, emphasizing the importance of adapting nutritional management to the individual needs of each child. Additionally, risks and complications associated with some nutritional interventions are mentioned, emphasizing the need to work with specialized healthcare professionals. In conclusion, nutritional management in ICP is crucial to improve the nutritional status and quality of life of affected children, and this review provides updated and useful information on effective nutritional interventions, highlighting the importance of nutritional assessment in the care of these patients