Papel de la vitamina D como suplemento en el tratamiento y prevención de la neumonía

Abstract

Introduction: Pneumonia, an acute respiratory infection, poses a substantial global burden on public health. Despite advancements in treatment, its incidence and mortality rates remain significant. Consequently, there has been research into the potential of vitamin D supplementation in the treatment and prevention of pneumonia due to its immunomodulatory properties and impact on respiratory health. This article aims to assess the existing evidence regarding the role of vitamin D as a supplement in pneumonia treatment and prevention. Methodology: Extensive searches were conducted in medical databases using keywords related to "vitamin D," "pneumonia," "treatment," and "prevention." Randomized controlled clinical trials, clinical trials, and relevant systematic reviews were selected for analysis. Results: The reviewed studies suggest that vitamin D supplementation may have beneficial effects in both the treatment and prevention of pneumonia. Patients receiving vitamin D supplementation showed a reduction in the duration of respiratory symptoms, frequency of relapses, and hospitalization requirements. Furthermore, there is evidence indicating a potential protective effect against pneumonia development in high-risk populations. In conclusion, vitamin D supplementation as a preventive and therapeutic measure can play a significant role in pneumonia management, particularly among individuals with vitamin D deficiency or those with risk factors. However, additional well-designed studies are needed to determine the optimal dosage of supplementation.