Importancia nutricional en el manejo de sarcopenia en adultos mayores

Abstract

The aging process gives rise to several changes in the anatomy and physiology of the organic economy of the human being as well as in the lack of adherence to healthy habits, the presence of malnutrition in older adults is common, which affects the reduction of strength and skeletal muscle mass gradually medically identified as involuntary weight loss associated with cognitive wasting, being a primary factor for the presence of sarcopenia that encompasses weakness, disability and mortality in this vulnerable group. At present, Ecuador is immersed in the presence of sarcopenia from the age of 70 onwards, observing greater affectation in women with 40% in relation to the opposite sex with 25%. The objective of the systematic review is to update scientific and statistical data, in relation to the importance of nutrition in the management of sarcopenia in older adults. It is a descriptive study, oriented to the review and analysis of research published in high-impact databases, excluding those studies in Portuguese, publications less than the year 2018 and articles that have no relationship between the nutritional approach with the presence of sarcopenia. It was witnessed that sarcopenia is present in patients with comorbidities that may present due to the aging process itself and with problems related to malnutrition, however, it has been recognized that a hyperproteic diet in the range of 1 to 1.6 gr/kg/day , together with physical activity, can be a rescue nutritional therapy. The aging process brings with it cognitive, metabolic and functional deterioration in older adults, a multidisciplinary approach is recommended that allows the timely identification of geriatric pathologies, as well as nutritional deficits, in order to carry out an early multidisciplinary approach and contribute to quality of life of the elderly.