Acteriofagos como posible terapia antibacteriana frente a pseudomonas aeruginosa en pacientes con quemaduras

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most relevant infectious bacterial pathogens, resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates among hospitalized patients with burns due to its easy development of resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics. This constitutes a significant health problem due to the increased virulence factors, expression of resistance-related enzymes, and the development of biofilms. Due to the emergence of resistance, alternative phage therapy has been considered. Objective: To describe therapeutic failure with antibiotics and specify the bacteriophages that have been studied as a potential antibacterial treatment against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methodology and materials: This literature review was conducted using a documentary approach with a descriptive and retrospective analysis. Scientific articles in English and Spanish published from 2017 onwards until 2023 were utilized. Conclusions: Specific phages, Pa1 and Pa2, belonging to Caudovirales and Siphoviridae family, were identified as highly stable phages with significant potential, confirming that lytic phages can be used as an effective agent against the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, phage therapy in humans is still under development and has not been established as a widespread clinical practice