Infecciones del tracto urinario en pacientes gestantes

Abstract

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is defined as the invasion of pathogens in the urinary tract, Escherichia coli being the most prevalent with 80% of cases. Predisposing factors increase the possibility of presenting UTI in pregnant women. Laboratory tests contribute significantly to diagnose and identify pathogenic microorganisms. Objective: establish the prevalence, predisposing factors and laboratory tests, in urinary tract infections in pregnant patients. Method: in order to write this bibliographic review, documentary research was used in different databases. Results and discussion: 16 publications on UTI in pregnant women were used. Among the predisposing factors are; sociodemographic characteristics, anatomical and functional modification typical of pregnancy. The most prevalent pathogens are: Escherichia coli, Klesiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis, significantly affecting mother and fetus. Urine culture and antibiogram tests are performed for their identification. Conclusions: An analysis of the main predisposing factors was developed, being these sociodemographic characteristics, anatomical and functional modification of pregnancy, the prevalence of Escherichia coli was identified as the main pathogen, and finally in this study the most used test was urine culture.