Evaluación de antibiorresistencia de cepas de Proteus spp aisladas en carne de pollo en la ciudad de Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua

Abstract

Proteus spp is one of the most sensitive genera within the enterobacteria, it maintains sensitivity to aminoglycosides, beta-lactams and fluoroquinolones, however, due to the frequent and imprudent use of these antibiotics, an increase in the cut-off points for minimum inhibitory concentration has been observed which are statistically significant, this is due to the different mechanisms of resistance that the bacteria present and which represent a relevant problem in public health. In this research work, the antibioresistance of 18 strains of Proteus spp. was evaluated using the Kirby Bauer method for the following group of antibiotics: Amikacin, Gentamicin, Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin, the results obtained were analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test complemented with the Mann Whitney U test, obtaining results of antibiotic percentage of: Ciprofloxacin: 27.7%, Ceftriaxone:16.6%, Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid: 22.2% , Gentamicin and Amikacin: 0%. For the second phase, the cut-off points established by CLSI (The Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute, 2023) to evaluate the minimum inhibitory concentration, however, the inhibition curves increased with the following results: Amikacin (AK): 18-20 μg/ml Gentamicin (CN): 18-22 μg/ml Ciprofloxacin (CIP): 19-21 μg/ml Ceftriaxone (CRO):18-22 μg/ml Amoxicillin + Àc. Clavulanic acid (AMC): 28-33 μg/ml. Therefore, it was considered essential to study the mechanisms of resistance presented by Proteus spp, firstly towards fluoroquinolones, which was one of the groups with the highest resistance due to the presence of chromosomal mutations, the production of BLEE for beta-lactams and alteration of the target site or mutations of hydroxyl groups and aminos present in aminoglycosides.