Anoftalmía bilateral congénita: a propósito de un caso clínico

Abstract

Introduction: Congenital bilateral anophthalmia is the absence of ocular tissue within the two orbital cavities, due to the absence of both eyes, it is characterized by the lack of prenatal and postnatal visual stimulation that can occur as part of a syndrome or in an isolated manner. ; its etiology is not specific, among which are chromosomal, monogenic alterations and environmental factors. Objective: To describe a rare clinical case of bilateral congenital anophthalmia. Materials and methods: Retrospective descriptive study, presentation of a clinical case o f congenital bilateral anophthalmia. Results: the case of a 5-month-old male patient is presented, born at 38.2 weeks of gestation to a 25-year-old primigravid mother by cephalovaginal delivery without complications, who does not refer to personal, family pathological history or environmental factors. that are associated with the malformation, within her prenatal history, 2 echoes without news are reported, prescription of multivitamins and complete immunizations. Conclusions: bilateral congenital anophthalmia is the complete absence of the eyeballs in the orbits and its diagnosis must be carefully differentiated from microphthalmia and establish if its presentation is isolated or as part of a syndrome, the prenatal diagnosis is established with a clinical history. thorough evaluation of possible antecedents and risk factors that may influence the presentation of this pathology; In addition to imaging studies such as ultrasound and mainly computed tom ography of the orbit and skull. The treatment is established after an individualized analysis of the needs and characteristics of the patient, seeking to reduce the conditions subsequent to this malformation.