Cálculo del costo beneficio de un sistema de prevención de riesgos ergonómicos en estibadores de la empresa pública - empresa municipal mercado Mayorista Ambato

Abstract

Workers in the Ambato wholesale market are exposed to different types of risks in the work performed in the development of their activities, especially those that require manual handling of loads. The most common risks and of particular interest are ergonomic, this is due to lifting, transporting, pushing and pulling loads manually, repetitive movements, application of force, postures and forced movements; all these factors cause different disorders in the health of workers. Therefore, the focus of the research study is the calculation of the cost-benefit of a system of ergonomic risk prevention in stevedores of the Public Company - Municipal Company Wholesale Market Ambato, to avoid muscular injuries in the future. Using the technique of direct observation and the new Ergonomics document ISO TR 12295:2014, ergonomic risks were identified in the workstations of warehouse D (tender grains). Subsequently, three stevedores, one for each task, were evaluated using the RULA method, which showed that 100% of the workers urgently needed a change in their tasks. The cost of a prevention proposal was calculated using diffusion instruments and compared with the cost of medical treatment for a longshoreman with musculoskeletal disorders. As a proposed solution, a matrix was developed with ergonomic recommendations based on international standards that seek the comfort of workers in the manual handling of loads. In addition, didactic tools were developed: informative posters, triptych and safe procedure sheets to inform dockworkers about the prevention of musculoskeletal injuries and disorders