Impacto de los factores ambientales en la aparición de preeclampsia grave (Revisión de la literatura)

Abstract

Preeclampsia is a vascular placental pathology that affects around 5% of all pregnant women worldwide, characterized by the presence of high blood pressure and proteinuria from the 20th week of gestation. It represents the fourth cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality and, in turn, is one of the main causes of induced prematurity and intrauterine fetal growth restriction. Currently, climate change is a fact that must be taken into account within the risk factors in the development of various pathologies, which allows health professionals to develop skills and attitudes in the field of climate change. Seasonal and climatic factors seem to be involved in the development of this pathology, however, there are insufficient studies that examine all individual, socioeconomic and environmental factors, including the meteorological or climatic variant, as influential factors in the development of severe preeclampsia. The seasonality of preeclampsia has been observed at the time of delivery by different studies carried out in regions with different climatic and economic conditions. The present work will consist of a systematic review of the available bibliography in scientific journal publications with a good level of evidence of publications made in the last 10 years, in Spanish, English and French languages. Information will be collected from databases such as Medline, Intra Med, PubMed, The Cochrane, SciELO, Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL), BASE, Scinapse, Semantic Scholar, among others. In addition, bibliographic data and citations of scientific articles and degree works available in the virtual library of the Technical University of Ambato and in universities at an international level will be included, taking the line of research belonging to Human Health itself that corresponds to the Domain of Food Systems, Nutrition and Health of the Faculty of Health Sciences of the Technical University of Ambato.