Sistema de telegestión de protección contra sobretensiones eléctricas residenciales

Abstract

Damage to electronic equipment and household appliances commonly occurs due to prolonged or recurring overexposure to surges in the electrical supply, producing monetary loss for people. This research project describes the development of a remote management system for protection against residential electrical surges, based on hardware and free software. The device has current and voltage sensors, which allow to measure the voltage and current in AC. When the sensors detect a sudden increase in voltage and/or current, as well as a decrease in voltage below 10% of the nominal voltage, the ESP32 controller board will automatically cut off the electrical power supply to the residence as a measure of protection against overvoltage, undervoltage or current surges; For this, a solid-state relay capable of withstanding a load current of up to 200 A is used. To monitor the voltage and current values that the device is marking remotely from anywhere in the world, an Android mobile application was developed using the Flutter development framework. The data is read by the MQTT Broker application located on the Amazon Web Services cloud computing platform under the Amazon ECS container service. The voltage and current data are sent to this Broker from the device through a SIM800L module, which uses GPRS technology. The use of GPRS was considered the best option to avoid incidents related to communications, since there is no dependence on any type of hub or router.