Extracción de gingerol con CO2 supercrítico a partir del jengibre (Zingiber Officinale) y su microencapsulación por el método de secado por aspersión

Abstract

The ginger plant species, Zingiber officinale, has metabolites with beneficial industrial purposes implemented since ancient times such as gingerols, in greater quantity 6-gingerol, with antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antitumor, antidiabetic, antiangiogenic and anticancer capacity. Extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide favors the integrity of the thermal-unstable and oxidizable active components with the environment due to the low temperatures of the solvents. Spray-drying microencapsulation has emerged as a technique to protect metabolites from environmental damage by means of polymeric coating. This study was based on collecting information on the extraction of gingerol with supercritical carbon dioxide from ginger and its microencapsulation by the spray-drying method, as well as suggesting automated parameters based on metabolite yield. The qualitative research was carried out with a theoretical design based on indexed databases, thus the information was organized and compared with studies from the last decade. According to the literature, the optimal conditions for metabolite extraction were at 40 degrees Celsius, 20 Megapascals, 20 grams per minute with uncertainty values of 5 and 10, respectively, with variable time. The optimal polymer mixture was maltodextrin with gum arabic due to its emulsifying capacity and stability; showed better efficiencies (93 and 94 percent) with a ratio of 5:5 and 1:1. Negligible parameters for microencapsulation were 160 and 120 degrees Celsius at the inlet and outlet; with flow rate between 35 and 100 liters per hour.