Intervención psicoterapéutica en síntomas de estrés postraumático en el personal sanitario durante la emergencia sanitaria por COVID-19

Abstract

The general objective of the following research was to apply a psychotherapeutic group intervention to prevent the development of post-traumatic stress disorder in health personnel who provided care during the first months of the COVID-19 health emergency. While observing the presence of post COVID-19 emotional symptoms, it was found necessary to make an intervention program. A methodology with a quantitative approach was used; being a quasi-experimental research, conducted under the pre-test/post-test design. The research population consisted of 40 people, including nurses, physicians and nursing assistants. The sample was done by census since the population and sample was the same. The psychometric instrument used was the Davidson trauma scale consisting of 17 items that assesses the severity and frequency of the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. The therapeutic intervention proposal was developed under the narrative approach, grouped in four sessions consisting of: emotional writing activities, emotional norming, metaphoric work, strengthening of support networks, and creating a new narrative. Due to COVID-19 biosecurity measures, the sessions were conducted in groups of ten people. The data obtained on the scale was processed with SPSS 24 software and statistical analysis was performed. As a result, a decrease in post-traumatic stress symptomatology in the health personnel after the application of the proposed psychotherapeutic intervention was obtained. It showed important statistic results by obtaining p<0,05in frequency as in symptom grievance