Expresión génica de cuatro accesiones de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) bajo condiciones de estrés por arseniato

Abstract

The discovery of the genome of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), has allowed research at the genetic level many metabolic functions including tolerance to different types of stress and their relationship at the metabolic level, from the identification of genes potentially involved in these processes. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the stress caused by Arsenate applied at different concentrations [0.3 and 0.5 mM] that generated a response at the transcriptomic level to counteract such stress. The experiment was carried out in the greenhouse of the Laboratory of Vegetal Biotechnology of the Center of Agricultural Research of the Technical University of Ambato, where the vegetal material was cultivated under the following conditions: average internal temperature of 20°C and relative humidity of 50%. For this, germination trays with a mixture of sterile substrate, black soil and humus were used, and once the plants reached an appropriate foliar development (5 true leaves), they were submitted to stress by arsenate, to later collect them and carry out the respective analysis of gene expression. From the extraction of RNA from each sample, the cDNA was synthesized and then the gene expression analysis was performed using the qPCR in real time method. The results show that they generate genetic responses in the four accessions of quinoa and the expression of genes GST20 (Glutathione S-Transferase), PCS1 (Phytochelatin synthase) and SODc (Superoxide dismutase) is produced, giving rise to different genetic responses between varieties, using 0.3 and 0.5 mM of arsenate and at different times of study. It is concluded that variety V2 (Sweet Chaucha) produces greater gene response when 0.5 mM of arsenate is placed in the culture substrate and at a time of 72 h, the obtained values were: for gene GST20 with a gene expression value of 10,8848±3,6953; for PCS1 a value of 26.0439±3.7342 and for gene SODc 31.1608±6.9151.