Perfiles fenotípicos de resistencia a antibióticos en aislados de Escherichia coli de origen canino de la ciudad de Ambato

Abstract

Currently, antibiotic resistance crisis is a global concern, both in human and veterinary medicine. The uncontrolled evolution of the resistance mechanisms in bacteria has had a negative influence on effective therapeutic options. This research has focused on the enterobacterium Escherichia coli, focused on the detection of the extended espectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and AmpC type beta-lactamases, which represent variants with resistance mechanisms of great clinical impact in Gram negative bacteria. In Ecuador, few epidemiological data are available on E. coli producing ESBL and AmpC in animals. In the present study, the phenotypic profiles of resistance to antibiotics were evaluated in a collection of isolates of E. coli of canine origin from the city of Ambato, using the Kirby & Bauer disk diffusion method, detecting that 72.2% (57/79) of isolates have an ESBL phenotype and 81% (64/79) of isolates with manifestation of the AmpC phenotype. The percentages of resistance for the evaluated antibiotics was: Ampicillin 100% (79/79), Vancomycin 100% (79/79), Cefotaxime 98.7% (78/79), Erythromycin 98.7% (78/79), Ceftriaxone 97.5% (77 / 79); and phenotypic sensitivity patterns for antimicrobials such as: Meropenem 98.7% (78/79), Imipenem 96.2% (76/79) Piperacillin / Tazobactam 84.8% (67/79), Cefoxitin 83.5% (66/79), and Amikacin 82.3% (65/79). The patterns of bacterial resistance detected and the differences between the origin of the isolates will allow to use this background information for retrospective studies of antimicrobial resistance.