Optimización (Doe-Mezclas) del material híbrido con refuerzos de fibra de abacá, fibra de cabuya y fibra de vidrio de matriz de resina poliéster y su incidencia sobre las propiedades mecánicas a flexión, tracción e impacto

Abstract

It posed develop this investigation with the purpose of avoid ignorance in the design of Experiments with mixtures, this is applied to the Mechanical Engineering in the field of composite materials to be able optimize and determinate the best characteristics of the material. The method applied is the design of experiments with mixtures (DOE) the compound of fiberglass, Abaca and Cabuya with the matrix resin polyester applied for the simplexlattice design to determine the optimum mix. It determined a total of ten treatments, and each one forms the one hundred percent of the compound is formed, of which were made 150 specimens to tensile, flexion and impact test with the application of the standards of the ASTM 3039, ASTM 7264 and ASTM 5628 respectively. The results were analyzed to comply the assumptions of normality, equality of variance and waste independence otherwise the data were transformed to adjust the data to BoxCox. The previously analyzed data is passed to Minitab to optimize and determine the best volumetric fraction, finding a percentage of 20.07 for fiberglass, while natural fibers have a percentage of 4.85 percent for Abaca and Cabuya fiber of 5.08 percent. In addition, with the 70 percent Polyester Resin as constant this completes 100 percent of the material composite mix. With this combination it gets better mechanical properties to Traction, Flexion and Impact.