“Etiopatogenia de lesiones cervicales precancerosas y cancerosas e infección por papiloma virus y su relación con factores de riesgo y modos de vida en pacientes femeninas de la comunidad de Pilahuin”

Abstract

Introduction: One of the most studied ginecological pathologies until now is cervical cancer (CaCu), which is considered as a serious public health problem due to its high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, in the native communities specially in Ecuadorian ones, this situation is different because there aren’t enough epidemiological studies about cervical cancer and its relationship with certain risk factors, lifestyles and infections primarily associated with Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Objective: To relate risk factors and lifestyles as parameters that are involved in the evolution of cervical lessions associated with Papilloma virus in female patients in Pilahuin community Methodology: Through a prospective descriptive study, 191 native patients from the community were selected to whom conventional cytological screening and clinical stories’ analysis in order to find viral positivity and relate them with the most predisposing risk factors within the population. Results: The results showed that out of the total number of natives women studied, they were in an average age of 35-12 years, in which 32 patients showed positivity for HPV, with a prevalence for genotypes of high oncogenic risk corresponding to 53%. When analyzing the most relevant risk factors for the development or progression of precancerous lesions, it was found that the multiparity greater than 4 pregnancies and the age of beginning of sexual activity between 15 to 17 years according to the viral positivity are the most influential risk parameters for the population studied. The clinical characteristics of the precursor lesions didn’t show any significant cytological changes, in which the most frequent cellular alteration were moderate inflammatory type changes affecting 104 natives women independent of positivity or non-HPV. Only one case of NIC I and two results of ASCUS were reported in HPV+ patients. Conclusion: Pilahuin’s native patients included in the study present a low incidence of cervical lesions, this data could be used in future investigations with epidemiological purposes in terms of the prevalence of circulating genotypes in this type of population and in genetic studies.