Diseño de una prótesis ergonómica para el uso de una persona con discapacidad en su extremidad inferior

Abstract

A feasibility analysis of three alternatives is carried out for the development of the prosthesis with different mechanisms, based on the weighted criteria of low cost, functionality and reliability, ease of manufacturing and assembly, technological innovation and ergonomics. It was made a measurement of the anthropometric dimensions of a sample of 360 adult male people to determine the body measurements that should be considered in the design of the prosthesis for the dimensioning of the elements. From the weighting of the criteria, it is established that cost, functionality and reliability have a greater weight. Under considerations exposed, alternative 1 was selected consisting of a prosthesis with hydraulic drive, which has three main components such as a socket, a leg with a hydraulic cylinder inside and a template that meets the function of the human foot. The materials considered are for the case of the carbon fiber socket, the PP Polypropylene leg and the POM polymer acetal template. The construction of the leg and the template is done through a molding process complemented by a finish by polishing and painting. By checking the stress resistance of Von Mises or Distortion Energy, it is determined that the maximum tension is 44.85 MPa, with a design safety factor of 3.8, which is higher than the required minimum of 2.5.