La adición de aserrín y poliestireno en la elaboración de bloques de adobe para viviendas unifamiliares y su efecto en la variación de temperatura y acondicionamiento acústico en el cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua

Abstract

The present experimental work evaluated the use of sawdust and polystyrene in the elaboration of blocks of adobe to determine the variation of temperature and acoustic conditioning. Firstly, a soil selection and analysis process were carried out based on the E-080 standard, later, traditional adobe blocks and adobe blocks were prepared with a percentage of 5%, 10% and 15% of sawdust and polystyrene in addition to each mixture. The blocks were tested under compression in the course of 28 days from its preparation, the test showed that all the samples analyzed exceeded the minimum resistance of 1MPa established in the E-080 Standard, but the highest compressive strength obtained was 2.66 MPa in blocks with 5% sawdust and polystyrene, thus exceeding the minimum resistance by 50%. Before making the test, adobe walls were made with each percentage of additives established, which were assembled inside the chamber, consecutively they were put to the thermal analysis based on the NCh 851 - NCh 849 norms and acoustic based on the norm NCh 2865. Finally, when quantifying the results, it was found that the wall made with adobes plus 5% and 15% sawdust and polystyrene maintains the best thermal variation and acoustic conditioning in such a way that it was selected as the best block prototype for the present investigation.