Evaluación de aceites esenciales de Brassica carinata Braun, Nicotiana glauca Graham Y Ricinus communis L. en nemátodos bajo condiciones controladas

Abstract

In Ecuador, solanaceous crops, especially tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum M.), is affected by the attack of phytoparasite nematodes, causing farmers to increase the use of nematicides in high concentrations, thus causing resistance to this pest, inefficiency of the chemical products and impact on the health of both the farmer and the consumer. For this reason, new methods of control are currently being sought whether mechanical, chemical, biological or botanical, originating the present research that aims to evaluate the in vitro biocidal activity of three essential oils at 1% concentration (Brassica carinata, Nicotiana glauca y Ricinus communis.) with three doses (300, 400 and 500μl) against Meloidogyne nematodes, for 48 hours in different periods of time. The best results were obtained by the application of the 500μl dose in three essential oils, however, the essential oil of Nicotiana glauca was the most effective by generating 77.33% mortality at 48 hours of exposure. Due to the results obtained, the use of the essential oil of Nicotiana glauca offers an encouraging possibility of being a new control tool to reduce the indiscriminate use of chemical nematicides, being a method of control that is pleasant to the environment and to human health.